{"id":7351,"date":"2026-08-17T12:32:21","date_gmt":"2026-08-17T12:32:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/?p=7351"},"modified":"2026-08-17T12:32:22","modified_gmt":"2026-08-17T12:32:22","slug":"mon-talaing-tanlai-tanling-and-pagan-chola-war","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/2026\/08\/17\/mon-talaing-tanlai-tanling-and-pagan-chola-war\/","title":{"rendered":"Mon “Talaing \/ Tanlai \/ Tanling” And Pagan Chola War"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

I hereby summarize this historical excerpt about the origins of the term “Talaing,” its relation to the Chola Dynasty, and maritime trade on the peninsula.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Here is the detailed English translation of the provided text:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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“Talaing \/ Tanlai \/ Tanling”<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

In various historical records, the term “Talaing”<\/strong> appears as “Tanlai”<\/strong> or “Tanling.”<\/strong> When hearing the term “Talaing,” most people immediately associate it with the Mon people. However, the Mon themselves strongly dislike being called “Talaing”\u2014a sentiment that is historically justified.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The terms Tanling \/ Tanlai \/ Tanling<\/em> originated not as the name of an ethnic group, but as the geographic name of a trading port city called Talaitakkoklam<\/strong> (present-day Takola), located in the Tanling<\/strong> region (present-day Talatyai) on the peninsula of Southern Thailand, just beyond the southernmost tip of Myanmar. In the early 11th century, due to the territorial expansion of the Tamil Chola Empire and the Angkorian Empire, the influence of this regional designation expanded all the way north to Pegu (Bago).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This early port city in Southern Thailand, beyond Kawthaung, was built and inhabited by a diverse population: Bamar (Burman) people from the Tenasserim region (Dawei and Myeik), Malays, Mons, and the Munda people<\/strong>\u2014an Austroasiatic group originating from India with close ethnolinguistic ties to the Mon. Though originally a narrow and relatively small coastal outpost, it played an early role in maritime commerce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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According to Tamil Chola records and inscriptions, in 1030 AD<\/strong>, the Chola King Rajendra I<\/strong> launched a naval campaign in Southeast Asia to attack the Srivijaya<\/strong> and Tambralinga<\/strong> kingdoms. Talaitakkoklam<\/strong> was the very first city targeted by the Chola navy, subsequently serving as the Chola military’s first operational base in Southeast Asia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Centering their campaign at this base in Tambralinga and Talaitakkoklam, the Tamil Chola empire\u2014supported by local subjects (Munda, Mon, and Malay populations of Talaitakkoklam and Tambralinga) alongside their Angkorian Khmer and Cham allies\u2014conquered territories stretching from Srivijaya across the Malay Peninsula up into Lower Myanmar, controlling nearly the entire Pegu (Bago) region.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Until the reign of King Anawrahta of Pagan, Lower Myanmar and Pegu remained under the control of Chola-vassal forces comprised of Munda, Malay, Cham, and Khmer populations hailing from Talaitakkoklam and Tambralinga.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the early 11th century, this region under Chola hegemony\u2014referred to historically as the early “Talaing Realm”\u2014stretched from the Northern Malaysia \/ Southern Thailand border regions all the way up to Pegu. Because of this administrative and territorial grouping, mainland people from Pagan, Pyay, and Tagaung referred to all inhabitants of this realm by their geographic origins rather than ethnicity:<\/p>\n\n\n\n