{"id":4311,"date":"2025-12-08T07:43:16","date_gmt":"2025-12-08T07:43:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/?p=4311"},"modified":"2025-12-08T07:43:16","modified_gmt":"2025-12-08T07:43:16","slug":"colonial-intrigues-and-the-question-of-loyalty-of-rakhine-mogh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/2025\/12\/08\/colonial-intrigues-and-the-question-of-loyalty-of-rakhine-mogh\/","title":{"rendered":"Colonial Intrigues and the Question of Loyalty of Rakhine Mogh"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Translated by DARZKKG<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rakhine people (from Arakan) were called &#8220;Magh&#8221; (or Mogh\/Mug\/Morg) primarily by Bengali, Persian, and European writers, with the term likely originating from Magadha, an ancient Indian kingdom, referring to Buddhist migrants who settled in the region; it became a common, though sometimes derogatory, label for the Arakanese\/Rakhine and Marma people, especially linked to historical raids or piracy in the Bay of Bengal.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Translation &amp; Edited Version for MMNN<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Colonial Intrigues and the Question of Loyalty<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>According to Arakanese Archeology (stone inscription officer) U San Shwe Bu, the English colonial expansion into Burma was not only supported by Arakanese intermediaries who invited them in, but also reinforced by five regiments of <strong>Arakanese<\/strong> <strong>Mogh troops<\/strong> who fought alongside the British.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This record is important: history must be remembered truthfully, not distorted. It is not written to incite hatred against the Arakanese people. Rather, it is a reminder that all communities\u2014including the Arakanese\u2014should abandon destructive prejudices such as hostility toward Burmans, Rohingya, Chins, or any group different from themselves. True loyalty must be directed toward the nation itself.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The Pattern of \u201cInviting Outsiders\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Moghs invited outsiders: Muslims, Mons, Burmans, and finally the British, to conquer Arakan.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>During World War II, Burmese leaders such as Sir Paw Tun (the colonial Prime Minister) returned with the British after the Japanese retreat, striving to re\u2011establish colonial control through the \u201cWhite Paper Plan.\u201d He too was seen as an intermediary.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In later decades, to and fro cross\u2011border movements from Bangladesh into Burma violated the 1982 Citizenship Law, creating dual loyalties and instability.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Even during the colonial period, many top Mogh officials sold out national interests for personal gain, acting as intermediaries for British exploitation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In modern history, divisions have been sown by Moghs through manipulation of administration, the military, and monasteries\u2014fueling ethnic and religious strife that continues to weaken national unity.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Resistance and Participation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When the British first penetrated Burma in 1943 through the V\u2011Force (Burma), Rohingya fighters joined the anti\u2011Fascist struggle against Japan. Arakanese intermediaries were notably absent. Dr. Aye Chan confirmed this fact in an email correspondence in 2010.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This raises a question:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>During the three Anglo\u2011Burmese wars (1824, 1852, 1885), when Burma was colonized step by step, did the Arakanese ever resist the British colonial advance? Evidence of such resistance is scarce.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>By contrast, many records exist of Muslims from Arakan and elsewhere participating in anti\u2011colonial and anti\u2011Fascist struggles.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In the nationalist movement of 1920, figures such as U Razak (headmaster of Mandalay National School) and U Zainuddin (headmaster of Sittwe National High School) played leading roles.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The Case of U Ottama<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"526\" height=\"706\" src=\"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-75.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4312\" srcset=\"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-75.png 526w, https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-75-224x300.png 224w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 526px) 100vw, 526px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>By Chaungoothar &#8211; Taking from commons, CC BY-SA 3.0, https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/w\/index.php?curid=21852474<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ko Min Thit\u2019s writings highlight another sensitive issue:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>When the revered monk U Ottama fell ill in Yangon, no Arakanese Mogh leaders came to care for him Kyat 5000 salaried MOGH Home Minister U May Aung ( Inspector General of Police Tun Hla Aung\u2019s father), Chief Minister Sir Paw Tun, all Mogh leaders ignored Sayardaw. Instead, Burman leaders provided medical treatment, support, and respect. When died also Burman leaders had to do the last rights.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>His birthday commemorations, biography, and statue were all initiated by Burman leaders, not Arakanese Moghs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Only after independence in 1948 did Arakanese Mogh communities begin to celebrate U Ottama\u2019s day, often based on Burman sources and embellished with dramatic additions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>General Tun Myat Naing even argued that U Ottama was used by Burmans and became their follower.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Mogh Arakan Army (AA) does not commemorate U Ottama\u2019s birthday today.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Editorial Note<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This translation is not intended to disparage any community. It is a call for honest reflection:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>History shows repeated patterns of inviting outsiders, weakening unity, and undermining sovereignty.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>True patriotism requires rejecting ethnic hatred and standing together for the nation\u2019s survival.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The record of Muslim participation in anti\u2011colonial and anti\u2011Fascist struggles deserves recognition alongside other nationalist contributions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>U <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/AungTinBMA?__cft__[0]=AZVC8tFF_PwUsjwuxXjj9mMgLGFD4CvInUIdcM0oU6ReeLMIj7JaZN4cJvhj-ef78XEAoiBfXaHxjH7sAzRCuhHWhgq1AtM2jk1KuRp2rcNHmjJhJKPJ_DBM061l4nOLdTfE5k7YO97t4MpScoOHrDYmZqXM0ihjgNJ1NyufuN1btA&amp;__tn__=-]C%2CP-R\">Aung Tin<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103b\u1030\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1021\u1002\u103a\u101c\u102d\u1015\u103a\u1014\u101a\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1032\u1037\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1019\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a(\u101b\u1001\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a)\u1010\u103d\u1031\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1001\u1031\u102b\u103a\u101b\u102f\u1036\u1019\u1000 \u1021\u1002\u103a\u101c\u102d\u1015\u103a\u1014\u101a\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1032\u1037\u1018\u1000\u103a\u1000 \u1019\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1010\u1015\u103a\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1004\u102b\u1038\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u1032\u1037 \u101d\u1004\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1010\u101a\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u101b\u1001\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101c\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102c\u101d\u1014\u103a <a><\/a>\u1026\u1038\u1005\u1036\u101b\u103d\u103e\u1031\u1018\u1030\u1038\u1000 \u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(\u101e\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u1001\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u101e\u1001\u103a\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1005\u102c\u101a\u1030\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1006\u1000\u103a\u1019\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1015\u102b\u104b \u101b\u1001\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101c\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038 \u1019\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102e\u1038\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1018\u1030\u1038\u104b \u101b\u1001\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1019\u102d\u1019\u102d\u101c\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1021\u1000\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1005\u1031\u1010\u1032\u1037 \u1017\u1019\u102c\u1019\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038\u104a \u101b\u102d\u102f\u101f\u1004\u103a\u1002\u103b\u102c\u1019\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038\u104a \u1001\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038\u104a \u1000\u102d\u102f\u101a\u103a\u1014\u1032\u1037\u1019\u1010\u1030\u1010\u1032\u1037 \u101c\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u101e\u1019\u103b\u103e \u1019\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102e\u1038\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u103d\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1015\u1005\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037\u104b \u1000\u102d\u102f\u101a\u1037\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u100a\u103a\u200b\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u101e\u1005\u1039\u1005\u102c\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1000\u103c\u104b)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1021\u102c\u101b\u1000\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101e\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1037<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1019\u103d\u1010\u103a\u1005\u101c\u1004\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1001\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1010\u102c\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1019\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1019\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1001\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1010\u102c\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1019\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1017\u1019\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1001\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1010\u102c\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1019\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1021\u1002\u103a\u101c\u102d\u1015\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1001\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1010\u102c\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1019\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000 \u1002\u103b\u1015\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1019\u103e \u1021\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u102d\u101a\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u101c\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1007\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1014\u1031\u101b\u102c\u1000\u1014\u1031\u104a \u1021\u1002\u103a\u101c\u102d\u1015\u103a\u1014\u1032\u1037\u1021\u1010\u1030\u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u101c\u102c\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1015\u103c\u100a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1030\u1016\u103c\u1030\u1005\u102e\u1019\u1036\u1000\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1014\u1032\u1037 \u1021\u1002\u103a\u101c\u102d\u1015\u103a\u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1002\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101e\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1005\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1021\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1011\u1014\u103a \u1000\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1010\u1032\u1037 \u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1001\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1014\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1006\u102c\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1011\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1019\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1010\u1036\u1001\u102b\u1038\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u104a \u1013\u102b\u1038\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u104a \u1019\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101c\u103d\u103e\u1032\u200b\u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f\u104a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1018\u1002\u103a\u101c\u102c\u1012\u1000\u103a\u101b\u103e\u103a\u1000\u1030\u1038\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u104a \u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1018\u1000\u103a\u101d\u1004\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1014\u1032\u1037 \u1041\u1049\u1048\u1042\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u101e\u102c\u1038\u1025\u1015\u200b\u1012\u1031\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1010\u102d\u1021\u101c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u200b\u1016\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u104a \u101f\u102d\u102f\u1018\u1000\u103a\u101e\u102c \u101f\u102d\u102f\u1018\u1000\u103a\u1000\u1030\u1038\u104a \u1012\u102e\u1018\u1000\u103a\u101e\u102c\u1012\u102e\u1018\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103c\u1031\u1038\u1014\u1032\u1037 \u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u101e\u1005\u1039\u1005\u102c\u1001\u1036\u104a \u101e\u102c\u101b\u102c\u200b\u1014\u1031\u104a \u1014\u102c\u101b\u1004\u103a\u200b\u1015\u103c\u1031\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1010\u1032\u1037 \u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1015\u103c\u100a\u103a\u101b\u1032\u1037 \u1010\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1010\u100a\u103a\u1038\u200b\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1001\u103d\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1011\u1030\u1038\u1001\u1036 \u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u101e\u102e\u1038\u1005\u102c\u1038\u101c\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1000\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1019\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u101e\u101a\u1036\u1007\u102c\u1010\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u101c\u103e\u101a\u103a\u104a \u1001\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101a\u1030\u1014\u1031\u1010\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1014\u101a\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1032\u1037\u1021\u1002\u103a\u101c\u102d\u1015\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1010\u1005\u103a\u101b\u102c\u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a \u1019\u102d\u1019\u102d\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101a\u103a\u1000\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u100a\u103a\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1000\u103c\u1010\u1032\u1037 \u1011\u102d\u1015\u103a\u1010\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1001\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u101b\u102c\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1021\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1005\u102f\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1019\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u101c\u103d\u1010\u103a\u101c\u1015\u103a\u101b\u1031\u1038\u101b\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1001\u1031\u1010\u103a\u101e\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1037\u101e\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102c\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1021\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101b\u1031\u1038\u104a \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1010\u1015\u103a\u1014\u1032\u1037 \u1018\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1016\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u101c\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038 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href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/profile.php?id=100089464140526&amp;__cft__[0]=AZUxNAf40iLaOl3NQOCjdqHSa_ckJN0-NWqHsx5Ef0iEi04HeIm5Ljic73CMmMx5kvXF9IKb5G9PPtdztwomU4J5nNsf9J5XzpuvqoK4kRLhb7WBD13J9B9ZG2wnw9SylEPk3Qjd6p_ZsP6ycRgUZqQNI7M5Rb9rz6_AG9D1QENqGg&amp;__tn__=-UC%2CP-R\"><strong>\u1019\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1005\u103a<\/strong><\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1018\u1030\u1038\u101e\u102e\u1038\u1019\u103e \u1021\u101b\u102e\u1038\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u1032\u1037 \u101b\u1001\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u101b\u1001\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1001\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a \u1015\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1000\u1014\u103a\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b \u1021\u1004\u103a\u1039\u1002\u101c\u102d\u1015\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a \u1018\u1004\u103a\u1039\u1002\u101c\u102c\u1038\u1018\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103c\u1031\u1038\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b 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\u101b\u1032\u1037 \u1019\u1032\u1006\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1015\u103d\u1032 \u1019\u103e\u102c \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1001\u1036\u101b\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b \u1021\u102c\u101b\u103e\u1014\u1031\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1006\u101b\u102c\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101f\u102c \u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1006\u101b\u102c\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a \u1019\u1000\u103b\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1019\u1019\u102c\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1000 \u1018\u101a\u103a\u101b\u1001\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e \u1019\u1000\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1018\u1030\u1038\u104b \u1004\u102b\u1038\u1011\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1005\u102c\u1038 \u1021\u1019\u1010\u103a \u101b\u1001\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101c\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1011\u1032 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\u101e\u1001\u1004\u103a\u101c\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1005\u102c\u1021\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u1036\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1007\u102c\u1010\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031 \u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1010\u102c \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1010\u101a\u103a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1017\u1001\u1011\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1000 \u1006\u101b\u102c\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a \u101f\u102c \u1017\u1019\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1031 \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1001\u1036\u101b\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b \u1017\u1019\u102c\u1037\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1010\u101a\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u101d\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b \u101b\u1000\u1039\u1001\u102d\u102f\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1010\u1015\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a AA \u1019\u103e\u102c \u1026\u1038\u1025\u1010\u1039\u1010\u1019\u1019\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1014\u1031\u1037 \u1019\u1000\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u1018\u1030\u1038<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Translated by DARZKKG Rakhine people (from Arakan) were called &#8220;Magh&#8221; (or Mogh\/Mug\/Morg) primarily by Bengali, Persian, and European writers, with the term likely originating from Magadha, an ancient Indian kingdom, referring to Buddhist migrants who settled in the region; it became a common, though sometimes derogatory, label for the Arakanese\/Rakhine and Marma people, especially linked 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