{"id":4071,"date":"2025-12-01T04:13:13","date_gmt":"2025-12-01T04:13:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/?p=4071"},"modified":"2026-02-10T06:35:33","modified_gmt":"2026-02-10T06:35:33","slug":"q-a-no-1-before-islamization-what-were-the-civilization-and-cultures-of-the-arabs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/2025\/12\/01\/q-a-no-1-before-islamization-what-were-the-civilization-and-cultures-of-the-arabs\/","title":{"rendered":"Q\/A No. 1. Before Islamization, what were the civilization and cultures of the Arabs?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Before the rise of Islam in the 7th century, Arabia was religiously diverse and culturally complex. The region contained groups with advanced trade networks and poetry, but also many tribes whose social practices were harsh, dangerous, and deeply fragmented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"\u1041\/\u1021\u1005\u1039\u1005\u101c\u102c\u1019\u103a\u101e\u102c\u101e\u1014\u102c \u1019\u1011\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102c\u1038\u1001\u1004\u103a\u1000 \u1021\u102c\u101b\u1015\u103a\u101c\u1030\u1037\u1021\u1016\u103d\u1032\u1037\u1021\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1032\u1037  \u1014\u1031\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f \u101a\u1009\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1031\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1015\u102f\u1036\u1005\u1036\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1021\u1014\u1031\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/KHIjxC0243U?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. Religious Beliefs<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pre-Islamic Arabia was home to a variety of religious traditions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Arabian polytheism<\/strong> was the most widespread. People worshipped hundreds of idols, spirits, and local deities.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>Kaaba in Mecca<\/strong> itself housed around <strong>360 idols<\/strong>, each representing different gods and goddesses.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Judaism, Christianity, and other Abrahamic faiths<\/strong> were also practiced in various regions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Minority influences included <strong>Samaritanism<\/strong> and <strong>Iranian religions<\/strong> such as <strong>Zoroastrianism<\/strong>, brought through trade and political contact.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. Literacy and Cultural Development<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Overall, <strong>literacy was low<\/strong>, and writing was not widely used for administration or governance.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cultural expression focused heavily on <strong>oral poetry<\/strong>, tribal storytelling, and genealogies.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3. External Influences<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Arabia did not exist in isolation:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Hellenization<\/strong> (mixing of Greek and local cultures) reached parts of Arabia after the conquests of Alexander the Great.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In <strong>106 CE<\/strong>, Rome annexed the <strong>Nabataean Kingdom<\/strong> and formed the province <strong>Arabia Petraea<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Roman influence spread through Syria, Transjordan, and Palestine.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Archaeological finds from <strong>Qaryat al-Faw<\/strong>, capital of the Kingdom of Kinda, include statues of <strong>Artemis, Heracles, and Harpocrates<\/strong>, showing Greco-Roman cultural influence.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>4. Social Problems and Uncivilized Tribal Customs<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Many Arab tribes lived in a harsh desert environment that shaped their behaviour. Not all tribes practiced these customs, but the following were widespread enough to be noted by historians and later condemned by Islam:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>a. Tribal warfare and constant blood feuds<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Clans often fought <strong>endless revenge cycles<\/strong> lasting generations.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Killing over small disputes was common, making Arabia extremely unstable.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>b. Female infanticide (wa\u02bed)<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Some tribes <strong>buried newborn girls alive<\/strong>, out of poverty, fear of shame, or social pressure.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Islam later prohibited this practice completely.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>c. Exploitation of the weak<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The strong often oppressed the weak; there was no central law.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Slavery, human trafficking, and mistreatment of servants were common.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>d. Alcohol abuse and unruly behaviour<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Heavy drinking, gambling, and violent celebrations were a normal part of life.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>These often contributed to fights, killings, and moral decline.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>e. Harsh treatment of women<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In many tribes, women had <strong>no inheritance rights<\/strong>, no property ownership, and were treated as possessions or inherited objects.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Marriages could include unlimited wives, temporary unions, or forced marriages.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>f. Superstition and idol-based rituals<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>People believed in stones, trees, and talismans.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sacrificing animals to idols or seeking omens from arrows (azl\u0101m) were common practices.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>5. Political Fragmentation<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Arabia lacked any unified government:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Tribal leaders ruled small areas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>There was no universal law, justice system, or stable authority.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>6. International Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The early 7th century saw the <strong>final and most destructive stage<\/strong> of the <strong>Byzantine\u2013Sasanian wars<\/strong>\/&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Roman%E2%80%93Persian_wars\">Roman\u2013Persian wars<\/a><br>This long conflict weakened both empires and indirectly prepared the way for the rapid spread of Islam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u101a\u1014\u1031\u1037\u1000\u1019\u1039\u1018\u102c\u1010\u101c\u103d\u103e\u102c\u1038\u1001\u1036\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1014\u1031\u1000\u103c\u101b\u101e\u1031\u102c<\/strong> <strong>\u2018\u1021\u1005\u1039\u1005\u101c\u102c\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1018\u102e\u1038\u101a\u102c\u1038\u2019 \u1001\u1031\u102b\u103a<\/strong> <strong>\u1021\u1005\u1039\u1005\u101c\u1019\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u1019\u103d\u1010\u103a\u1005\u101c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b \u1000\u102f\u1011\u102f\u1036\u1038<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u1021\u1005\u1039\u1005\u101c\u1019\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1014\u1032\u1037<\/strong> <strong>\u1019\u103d\u1010\u103a\u1005\u101c\u1004\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u1019\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1014\u1032\u1037<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u1021\u1005\u1039\u1005\u101c\u1019\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1014\u1032\u1037<\/strong> <strong>\u1019\u103d\u1010\u103a\u1005\u101c\u1004\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1019\u101c\u102d\u102f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u101a\u1014\u1031\u1037\u1000\u1019\u1039\u1018\u102c\u1010\u101c\u103d\u103e\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1015\u103c\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1015\u103d\u102b\u1038\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c<\/strong> <strong>\u1021\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1018\u102c\u101e\u102c\u1021\u1005\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u1000\u1019\u1039\u1018\u102c\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1021\u1005\u1039\u1005\u101c\u102c\u1019\u103a\u1000 \u1021\u1000\u103c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1016\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u101c\u102c\u1038 \/\u1021\u1000\u103c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1016\u1000\u103a\u1000 \u1021\u1005\u1039\u1005\u101c\u102c\u1019\u103a\u101c\u102c\u1038<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u1000\u1019\u1039\u1018\u102c\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1021\u1005\u1039\u1005\u101c\u102c\u1019\u103a\u1000 \u1021\u1000\u103c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1016\u1000\u103a\u1001\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102c\u101c\u102c\u1038 \/ \u1019\u103d\u1010\u103a\u1005\u101c\u1004\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000\u1021\u1000\u103c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1016\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1010\u102c\u101c\u102c\u1038<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u1041\/ \u1021\u1005\u1039\u1005\u101c\u102c\u1019\u103a\u1018\u102c\u101e\u102c \u1019\u1011\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102c\u1038\u1001\u1004\u103a\u1000<\/strong><strong> <\/strong><strong>\u1021\u1005\u1039\u1005\u101c\u102c\u1019\u103a\u101a\u1009\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1031\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1021\u102c\u101b\u1015\u103a\u101c\u1030\u1037\u1021\u1016\u103d\u1032\u1037\u1021\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1032\u1037 \u1014\u1031\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1015\u102f\u1036\u1005\u1036 \u1018\u101a\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103e\u102d\u1015\u102b\u101e\u101c\u1032<\/strong><strong>?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1021\u1005\u1039\u1005\u101c\u102c\u1019\u103a \u1000 (\u1047-\u101b\u102c\u1005\u102f) \u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1000\u1019\u103e \u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u101c\u102c\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b \u1021\u102c\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1017\u102e\u1038\u101a\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1021\u1032\u1037\u1012\u102e\u1019\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1001\u1004\u103a\u1010\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000 \u1018\u102c\u101e\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1005\u102f\u1036 \u101b\u103e\u102d\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b \u101a\u1009\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1031\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1013\u101c\u1031\u1037\u1011\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1005\u1036 \u1006\u102d\u102f\u1010\u102c\u1000\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1021\u1000\u102f\u1014\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1036\u1038 \u101b\u103e\u1031\u1038\u1000\u103b \u101b\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1000\u103c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1014\u103a\u1038 \u101b\u103e\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1011\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1014\u1031\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1015\u102b\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b \u1019\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u1032\u1037 \u101a\u1009\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1031\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000 \u101b\u103e\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1011\u103d\u1031\u1038 \u1014\u1031\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b \u1012\u102b\u1015\u1031\u1019\u1032\u1037 \u101e\u1030\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000 \u1005\u102e\u1038\u1015\u103d\u102c\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000\u1011\u102c\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1014\u1031\u1000\u103c\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b \u1021\u102c\u101b\u1015\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000 \u1005\u102e\u1038\u1015\u103d\u102c\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u1021\u1005\u1039\u1005\u101c\u102c\u1019\u103a\u1018\u102c\u101e\u102c\u101d\u1004\u103a \u1019\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1001\u1004\u103a\u1000\u101b\u1031\u102c \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037\u1019\u103e\u101b\u1031\u102c \u1021\u102c\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1017\u102e\u1038\u101a\u102c\u1038 \u1010\u101d\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u101e\u102c\u1019\u1000 \u1010\u1000\u1019\u1039\u1018\u102c\u101c\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1014\u103e\u1036\u1037\u1021\u1015\u103c\u102c\u1038 \u1000\u1030\u1038\u101e\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101d\u101a\u103a\u1014\u1031\u1000\u103c\u1010\u102c\u1018\u1032\u104b \u101e\u1030\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1010\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000 Silk road \u1015\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1019 \u1000\u1014\u1031\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 &nbsp;\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1010\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1031\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b \u1015\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1019\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1000\u1014\u1031\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1010\u101b\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1015\u103c\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1011\u102d\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a \u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1012\u102e\u1018\u1000\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1009\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1015\u1016\u1000\u103a \u1021\u1011\u102d\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1021\u1005\u102f\u1036\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1037\u101c\u1031 \u1005\u102e\u1038\u1015\u103d\u102c\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038\u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038 \u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u101b\u103e\u102d\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1010\u1001\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000 \u101e\u1004\u103a\u1039\u1018\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1014\u1032\u1037 \u1025\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1015 \u1021\u102c\u101b\u103e\u1011\u102d\u101c\u102c\u1000\u103c\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b \u1019\u103c\u1031\u1011\u1032\u1015\u1004\u103a\u101c\u101a\u103a \u1005\u1015\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1011\u102d\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b &nbsp;\u1017\u1019\u102c\u1015\u103c\u100a\u103a\u1000\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1010\u1014\u103a\u1038 \u1010\u101c\u103b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1000\u1014\u1031 \u101a\u102d\u102f\u1012\u101a\u102c\u1038 \u1019\u101c\u1031\u1038\u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1005\u103d\u101a\u103a \u1021\u1004\u103a\u1012\u102d\u102f\u1014\u102e\u1038\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1038\u1000\u1014\u1031 \u1019\u101c\u1000\u102c\u101b\u1031\u101c\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1000\u1019\u1039\u1018\u1031\u102c\u1012\u102e\u1038\u101a\u102c\u1038 \u1017\u102e\u101a\u1000\u103a\u1014\u1019\u103a \u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b \u1047-\u1041\u1040 \u101b\u102c\u1005\u102f\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1006\u102d\u102f\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u101e\u1030\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u103d\u1010\u103a\u1005\u101c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1001\u1004\u103a\u1000\u1005\u1010\u102c \u1019\u103d\u1010\u103a\u1005\u101c\u1004\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a \u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103b \u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u1015\u102d\u102f\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u101c\u102c \u1000\u102f\u1014\u103a\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1010\u102c\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1037\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2018\u1019\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101e\u102f\u1014\u103a\u2019\u101b\u102c\u101e\u102e\u1025\u1010\u102f (\u1019\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1006\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1038)&nbsp; \u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u1030\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000\u1005\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037 \u101c\u1000\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1021\u1004\u103a\u1039\u1002\u101c\u102d\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u101d\u1031\u102b\u101f\u102c\u101b\u1021\u101e\u1005\u103a \u2018\u1019\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101e\u102f\u1036\u2019 \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u102c\u101b\u1015\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000\u1005 \u1010\u100a\u103a\u1011\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1010\u102c\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1037\u104b \u101b\u1031\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1019\u103c\u1031\u1015\u102f\u1036\u1010\u103d\u1031 \u1005\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1010\u102e\u1011\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1006\u103d\u1032\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1000\u103c\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b \u101b\u1031\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1015\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1019\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1037\u104b \u1010\u101b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000 \u1000\u102d\u102f\u101b\u102e\u1038\u101a\u102c\u1038 \u1014\u1032\u1037 \u1002\u103b\u1015\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1011\u102d \u1021\u102c\u101b\u1015\u103a\u1000\u102f\u1014\u103a\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1006\u1000\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1000\u103c\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b \u101b\u1031\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u1032\u1037\u1015\u1010\u103a\u101e\u1000\u103a\u1010\u1032\u1037 \u101d\u1031\u102b\u101f\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1010\u100a\u103a\u1011\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Amir al-bahr (\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631):&nbsp;\u1021\u1004\u103a\u1039\u1002\u101c\u102d\u1015\u103a\u1000\u101b\u1031\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1017\u102d\u102f\u101c\u103a\/\u101b\u1031\u1010\u1015\u103a\u1017\u102d\u102f\u101c\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103aadmiral<strong> <\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mu\u02bfallim (\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645):&nbsp; \u101e\u1004\u103a\u1039\u1018\u1031\u102c\u1019\u102c\u101c\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1030\u1038<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u101b\u1031\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c \u101e\u1036\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1021\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u104a \u1000\u103c\u101a\u103a\u1010\u102c\u101a\u102c \u1021\u1019\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1011\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1015\u103c \u101b\u1031\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103c \u1019\u103c\u1031\u1015\u102f\u1036\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1010\u100a\u103a\u1011\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1021\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u102d\u101a \u101e\u1019\u102f\u1012\u1039\u1012\u101b\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u102c\u101b\u1015\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1005\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u200c\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u101e\u1014\u103a \u1000\u102f\u1014\u103a\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1000\u103c\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b\u1017\u1019\u102c\u1015\u103c\u100a\u103a\u1006\u102d\u1015\u103a\u1000\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1010\u103d\u1031 \u1021\u1011\u1030\u1038\u101e\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101b\u1001\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1014\u1032\u1037\u1010\u1014\u1004\u103a\u1039\u101e\u102c\u101b\u102e\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1021\u102c\u101b\u1015\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031 \u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u103b \u1021\u1019\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1031\u1038 \u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u101b\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101d\u101a\u103a\u1016\u1031\u102b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u102c\u1038\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1000\u103c\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1025\u1015\u1019\u102c-\u101e\u1011\u102f\u1036 \u1019\u102f\u1010\u1039\u1010\u1019 (<strong>Martaban<\/strong><strong>)<\/strong><strong> <\/strong><strong>\u1019\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1026\u1038 \u1015\u1032\u1001\u1030\u1038 \u1019\u103c\u102d\u1010\u103a (<\/strong><strong>Mergui<\/strong><strong>) \u1010\u1014\u1004\u103a\u1039\u101e\u102c\u101b\u102e (<\/strong><strong>Tenasserim<\/strong><strong>) \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031 (<\/strong><strong>Akyab<\/strong><strong>) \u101e\u1036\u101c\u103b\u1004\u103a (<\/strong><strong>Syriam<\/strong><strong>) <\/strong><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>\u101e\u1036\u1010\u103d\u1032 (<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?q=Sandoway+(Thandwe)&amp;kgmid=\/m\/08gth0&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwiCz6iL68uSAxUGSGcHHc1NM2sQ3egRegQIBxAr\"><strong>Sandoway&nbsp;<\/strong><\/a><strong>) \u101b\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1017\u103c\u1032\u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1038 <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?q=Ramree+Island&amp;kgmid=\/m\/09_gnh&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwiCz6iL68uSAxUGSGcHHc1NM2sQ3egRegQIBxAy\"><strong>Ramree Island<\/strong><\/a><strong>.<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1021\u101c\u1036 \u1000\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1021\u102c\u101b\u1015\u103a\u1005\u1000\u102c\u1038\u1000\u101c\u102c\u1010\u102c\u1015\u1032\u101c\u1031\u104b\u1021\u101b\u1017\u102e\u1000 \u02bfalam. \u201c\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1016\u102c\u201d \u1021\u101b\u1017\u102e\u1005\u1000\u102c\u1038 &#8220;soffa&#8221; \u201c\u1021\u101b\u1000\u103a\u201d \u1021\u101b\u1017\u102e\u1005\u1000\u102c\u1038 \u201c\u02bfaraq\u201d \u201c\u1005\u1015\u103b\u1005\u103a\u201d \u101f\u102c \u1021\u101b\u1017\u102e\u1005\u1000\u102c\u1038 \u201czab\u012bb\u201d \u201c\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1012\u102b\u201d \u201csuww\u0101d\u201d \u1012\u102b\u1019\u103e\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u201cSuwayda\u201d \u201c\u1002\u103b\u102c\u1038\u201d \u101f\u102c \u1021\u101b\u1017\u102e\u1005\u1000\u102c\u1038 \u201cJar\u201d= \u1000\u101b\u102c\u1038 \u201c\u1000\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1016\u102e\u201d \u201cqahwa\u201d \u201c\u101c\u102e\u1019\u103d\u1014\u103a\u201d \u1021\u101b\u1017\u102e\u1018\u102c\u101e\u102c\u1005\u1000\u102c\u1038 \u201cl\u012bm\u016bn\u201d \u201c\u1019\u102c\u1037\u1005\u103a\u201d \u201cMask\u201d \u1021\u101b\u1017\u102e \u201cmaskhara\u201d\u103d\u1000\u1004\u1021\u1019\u1031 \u1021\u101b\u1017\u102e\u1005\u1000\u102c\u1038 \u201cq\u012bt\u0101ra\u201d \u201c\u1006\u102c\u1016\u102c\u101b\u102e\u201d \u201c\u1001\u101b\u102e\u1038\u201d \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1021\u1013\u102d\u1015\u1039\u1015\u102c\u101a\u103a\u101b\u1010\u1032\u1037 \u1021\u101b\u1017\u102e\u1005\u1000\u102c\u1038 &#8220;safar&#8221;\u201c\u1000\u102c\u101b\u1000\u103a\u201d \u1006\u102d\u102f\u1010\u1032\u1037 \u1005\u1000\u102c\u1038\u101f\u102c \u1021\u101b\u1017\u102e\u1005\u1000\u102c\u1038 \u201cq\u012br\u0101t\u201d \u201c\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1016\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u201d \u1021\u101b\u1017\u102e\u1005\u1000\u102c\u1038 \u201ct\u016bf\u0101n\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1010\u1001\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1000 \u1021\u101b\u1017\u102e\u1005\u1000\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u101b\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u101a\u1030\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1010\u1001\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u1021\u1004\u103a\u1039\u1002\u101c\u102d\u1015\u103a (\u1021\u1004\u103a\u1039\u1002\u101c\u102d\u1015\u103a\u1000\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1025\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1015\u1005\u1000\u102c\u1038 \u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000\u1010\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101b\u1010\u101a\u103a)\u104b \u101e\u102d\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u1031\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1017\u103b\u102c \u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1021\u1018\u102d\u1013\u102c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a \u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103c\u1005\u103a \u1021\u101b\u1017\u102e\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1011\u102c\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1021\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1021\u1001\u102f\u1021\u1001\u102b \u1010\u101b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u103c\u100a\u103a\u1019\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1000 \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1014\u1031\u1010\u1032\u1037 \u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f \u1001\u102b\u1038\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1001\u102f\u1005\u102e\u1019\u1036\u1000\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038 (<strong>One Belt One Road <\/strong><strong>\u101b\u1015\u103a\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1001\u102f \u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1001\u102f\u1014\u1032\u1037&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>) <\/strong>\u101f\u102c\u1010\u1000\u101a\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u101b\u103e\u1031\u1038\u1021\u102c\u101b\u1015\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031 \u1005\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1010\u102e\u1011\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1010\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a \u1006\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1005\u103a \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1001\u103b\u1032\u1037 \u1011\u102c\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1015\u102b\u104b \u1021\u1005\u1039\u1005\u101c\u102c\u1019\u103a\u1018\u102c\u101e\u102c\u1000 \u1021\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1014\u102e\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1021\u102e\u1002\u103b\u1005\u103a \u1019\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1001\u1004\u103a \u1010\u101b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u103c\u100a\u103a \u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1021\u102c\u101b\u1015\u103a\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1015\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1015\u101c\u102e\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a \u1021\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1001\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1010\u102c \u1021\u1001\u102f\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1011\u102d\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1015\u102b\u101e\u1031\u1038\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u1005\u102c\u1015\u1031\u1021\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1021\u101e\u102c\u1038<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u1021\u102c\u101b\u1015\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000 <\/strong><strong>\u1000\u1017\u103b\u102c\u101c\u1004\u103a\u1039\u1000\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1031<\/strong> \u101b\u1031\u1038\u1010\u102c\u101c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u1032\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u1012\u102b\u1015\u1031\u1019\u1032\u1037 \u1010\u101b\u102c\u1038\u101d\u1004\u103a \u101b\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1005\u102c\u1015\u1031\u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a \u1044\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038 \u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1014\u103a\u1038 \u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102b\u1038 \u101d\u1010\u1039\u1011\u102f \u1005\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1021\u101e\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a \u1019\u101b\u1031\u1038 \u1019\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1000\u103c\u101e\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u1021\u1005\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101b\u101b\u1032\u1037 \u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038 \u1021\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1014\u1031\u1014\u1032\u1037 -\u1009\u1015\u1019\u102c \u1016\u103d\u1032\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1021\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102f\u1036 \u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u1036\u1009\u1015\u1012\u1031 \u1021\u1014\u1031\u1014\u1032\u1037 \u1021\u1032\u1037\u1012\u102e\u1001\u1031\u1010\u103a\u1000\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1015\u102b\u1018\u1030\u1038\u104b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u1017\u101f\u102d\u102f\u1009\u1015\u1012\u1031\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1010\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u104a \u101d\u1014\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u100c\u102c\u1014\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1010\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1018\u102c\u1019\u103e\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1015\u102b\u1018\u1030\u1038<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u1021\u1005\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101b \u1021\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101b\u1031\u1038 \u1019\u103c\u1031\u1005\u102c\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1006\u102d\u102f\u1010\u102c\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1018\u102c\u1019\u103e\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1018\u1030\u1038<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1019\u103c\u1031\u1005\u102c\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102d\u102f\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1000\u103c\u102f\u1036\u1010\u102f\u1036\u1038 \u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1021\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1019\u101a\u103a\u104b \u1000\u103b\u1014\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1017\u1019\u102c\u1019\u103d\u1010\u103a\u1005\u101c\u1004\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1019\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1019\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1010\u101b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u101c\u103e\u1030\u1011\u102c\u1038\u1010\u1032\u1037 \u1019\u1000\u1039\u1000\u102c\u101b\u103d\u103e\u1031\u1019\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102c\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1010\u1032\u1037 \u1021\u1005\u1039\u1005\u101c\u102c\u1019\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101b\u1032\u1037 \u1021\u1011\u103d\u100b\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u2018\u1000\u102c\u1017\u102c\u2019 \u101d\u1010\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1032\u1037 \u1018\u1031\u1038\u1014\u102c\u1038 \u101c\u1031\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1015\u1032 \u101b\u103e\u102d\u1010\u1032\u1037 \u1012\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1036\u1006\u102d\u1015\u103a\u1007\u101b\u1015\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1006\u102d\u102f\u101b\u1004\u103a\u104a \u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f \u101c\u103e\u1030\u1012\u102b\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1005\u102c\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1005\u102c\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101f\u102c \u1021\u1001\u102f\u1011\u102d \u1006\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1012\u102e\u1021\u102c\u101b\u1031\u1017\u103b \u1019\u1000\u1039\u1000\u102c\u101b\u103d\u103e\u1031\u1019\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101b\u1032\u1037 \u1019\u103c\u1030\u1014\u102e\u1005\u1015\u102b\u101a\u103a\u101b\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1037 \u1017\u103b\u102c \u1005\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1014\u1032\u1037 \u1010\u1030\u1015\u102b\u101b\u1032\u1037 \u1021\u1032\u1037\u1012\u102e\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1031 \u1000 \u101b\u103e\u102d\u101e\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1021\u1032\u1037\u1012\u102e\u1021\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1010\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038 \u1000\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u1021\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1014\u1032\u1037 \u1010\u1030\u1010\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038 \u1005\u102c\u1014\u1032\u1037\u1015\u1031\u1014\u1032\u1037\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102d\u1030\u1038\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1018\u1030\u1038\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u1013\u101c\u1031\u1037\u1005\u101b\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u101e\u1030\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1005\u102c\u1038\u101b\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000 \u101b\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u101a\u103a \u1000\u103c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b<\/strong> \u1018\u102c\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101c\u1032\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u101b\u102c\u101e\u102e\u1025\u1010\u102f\u101e\u102d\u1015\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101d\u102b\u1038 \u1000\u103c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1032\u1037 \u101e\u1032\u1000\u1014\u1039\u1010\u102c\u101b\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1011\u1032\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1019\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1016\u103d\u102c\u1038 \u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u1014\u103a \u101b\u1010\u102c\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u1000\u103c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e \u101b\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1017\u103b\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u101c\u1030\u1014\u1031\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1013\u101c\u1031\u1037\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000 \u1010\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1019\u103a\u1038 \u1010\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1032\u1037 \u101e\u1032\u1000\u1014\u1039\u1010\u102c\u101b\u1014\u1031\u101b\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1014\u1031\u1000\u103c\u1010\u102c\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1014\u1032\u1037\u104a \u1021\u101e\u1031:\u1021\u1019\u103d\u103e\u102c\u1038 \u101c\u1031\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000 \u1021\u1005 \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1014\u1032\u1037\u104a \u101c\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1005\u102f\u1021\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1014\u1031\u1000\u103c\u1010\u102c\u104b \u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1021\u1005\u1009\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a \u1000\u102d\u102f\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1014\u1031\u1000\u103c\u1010\u102c\u104a \u1004\u102b\u1037\u1021\u1016\u1031\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1010\u102c \u1004\u102b\u1037\u1021\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u1030\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1018\u101a\u103a\u1010\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1010\u102c\u104a \u1004\u102b\u1037\u100a\u102e\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1018\u101a\u103a\u1010\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000 \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1010\u102c\u104a \u1006\u102d\u102f\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1019\u102d\u101e\u102c\u1038\u1005\u102f\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1000\u103b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1031 \u1002\u101c\u1032\u1037\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1031 \u1021\u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1021\u101c\u103e\u1014\u103a\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1014\u1031\u1000\u103c\u1010\u102c\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1005\u101b\u102c\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1000\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u101a\u103a<\/strong> \u1021\u101e\u1031\u1038\u1019\u103d\u103e\u102c\u1038\u101c\u1031\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1010\u102c\u101c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1014\u1032\u1037\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1010\u1005\u103a\u101a\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1014\u1032\u1037 \u1010\u1005\u103a\u101a\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1000\u103c \u1015\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1014\u1032\u1037\u104a \u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101c\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1005\u102f \u101e\u102c\u1019\u1000 \u101c\u1030\u1021\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1005\u102f\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1015\u102b \u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1000\u103d\u1032\u1014\u1031\u1010\u102c\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u1017\u102e\u1012\u102d\u102f\u101d\u1004\u103a Bedouin <\/strong><strong>\u1021\u1001\u102f\u101f\u102c \u1021\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1005\u102f\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a \u101b\u103d\u103e\u1031\u1037\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u1031 \u1010\u1032\u101c\u1030\u1010\u103d\u1031\u104b<\/strong> \u101b\u1031\u1000\u103c\u100a\u103a\u101b\u102c \u1019\u103c\u1000\u103a\u1014\u102f\u101b\u102c \u1021\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1031\u1005\u1005\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102d \u1010\u1032\u1037\u1014\u1031\u101b\u102c\u101c\u1031\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1031 \u1021\u1015\u1004\u103a\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1000\u103a\u1010\u1032\u1037 \u1014\u1031\u101b\u102c\u101c\u1031\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1031 \u101f\u102d\u102f\u1012\u102e\u101b\u103d\u103e\u1031\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037\u1019\u103e \u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u1031\u1000\u103c\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1001\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1010\u101a\u103a \u1014\u1031\u101b\u102c\u101c\u102f\u1010\u101a\u103a \u1006\u102d\u102f\u101b\u1004\u103a \u1015\u103c\u1031\u1038\u1000\u103c\u101b\u1010\u102c\u104b \u1021\u1032\u1037\u101c\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1005\u102f\u1036\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1014\u1031 \u1014\u1031\u1000\u103c\u1010\u101a\u103a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u1018\u102c\u101e\u102c\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1014\u1032\u1037\u1015\u1010\u103a\u101e\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1018\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1031 \u101a\u102f\u1036\u1000\u103c\u100a\u103a\u1000\u103c\u101e\u101c\u1032\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037<\/strong> \u1021\u1005\u1039\u1005\u101c\u102c\u1019\u103a \u1019\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u1001\u1004\u103a\u1010\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000 \u101e\u1030\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1010\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000 \u1018\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1031\u101a\u102f\u1036\u1000\u103c\u100a\u103a\u1000\u103c\u101e\u101c\u1032 \u1006\u102d\u102f\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037-<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Arabian polytheism (\u1015\u102d\u102f\u101c\u102e\u101e\u102e\u1005\u1031\u101b\u1019\u103a)\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1010\u102c <strong>\u1018\u102c\u101e\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1005\u102f\u1036<\/strong> \u101b\u103e\u102d\u1010\u102c \u1018\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1031 \u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 <strong>\u1014\u1010\u103a\u1018\u102f\u101b\u102c\u1038<\/strong>\u1010\u103d\u1031 <strong>\u101b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1011\u102f<\/strong>\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1006\u102d\u102f\u101b\u1004\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1021\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1015\u1032\u104a\u1014\u1010\u103a\u2019\u1010\u103d\u1031\u101b\u1031\u102c <strong>\u101f\u102d\u102f\u1014\u1010\u103a\u2019 \u1012\u102e\u1014\u1010\u103a\u2019 \u1021\u1005\u102f\u1036\u1015\u1032 \u101e\u101b\u1032 \u1010\u1005\u1039\u1006\u1031<\/strong> \u1010\u103d\u1031\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1021\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1015\u1032 \u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u1000\u102d\u102f\u101a\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101b\u102c\u1014\u1032\u1037 \u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1038 \u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1010\u1032\u1037 \u1014\u1010\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1021\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1015\u1032\u1021\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038 \u1005\u102f\u1036\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1010\u102c\u104b \u1018\u101a\u103a\u101c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101c\u1032\u1006\u102d\u102f\u101b\u1004\u103a <strong>\u1000\u102c\u1017\u102c\u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1011\u1032\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a \u101b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1011\u102f\u1010\u103d\u1031 (\u1043\u1046\u1040)\u101c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a<\/strong> \u101b\u103e\u102d\u1010\u101a\u103a\u1010\u1032\u1037 <strong>\u1018\u102f\u101b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1031\u2019 \u1018\u102f\u101b\u102c\u1038\u1019\u2019<\/strong>\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1021\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1005\u102f\u1036\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u1002\u103b\u102f\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1031\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104a \u1001\u101b\u1005\u103a\u101a\u102c\u1014\u103a \u1010\u103d\u1031 \u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1010\u101a\u103a.\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1021\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u101f\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1031\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1010\u101a\u103a\u1017\u103b \u1021\u101e\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1019\u103d\u103e\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000 Samaritanism (\u1006\u1019\u102c\u101b\u102e\u1010\u102c\u1014\u101a\u103a\u1007\u1004\u103a) \u1010\u102d\u102f Iranian religions such as Zoroastrianism \u1021\u102e\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1011\u1032\u1000\u101f\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037 <strong>\u1014\u1031\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1010\u102c\u2019 \u101c\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1010\u102c\u2019<\/strong> \u1021\u1032\u1012\u102b\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1014\u1032\u1037 \u1014\u1031\u101d\u1004\u103a\u1014\u1031\u1011\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1010\u102c \u1021\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1005\u102f\u1036\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1037<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u101e\u1005\u103a\u1015\u1004\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1000\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1010\u101a\u103a \u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u1001\u1032 \u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1038 \u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104a<\/strong> \u1021\u1000\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1014\u1031\u1000\u103c\u1010\u102c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u101e\u1005\u103a\u1015\u1004\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1010\u101a\u103a\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1010\u102c\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u101e\u102d\u1015\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1011\u1030\u1038\u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1010\u101a\u103a\u1019\u1011\u1004\u103a\u1014\u1032\u1037 \u104b \u1021\u1004\u103a\u1039\u1002\u101c\u102d\u1015\u103a \u1010\u103d\u1031\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e \u101c\u1031\u101a\u102c\u1009\u103a\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1010\u1032\u1037 \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1019 \u101e\u1005\u103a\u1015\u1004\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1000\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1010\u1032\u1037 \u101c\u1030\u1010\u103d\u1031\u101b\u103e\u102d \u101e\u1031\u1038\u1010\u102c Touch wood \u1006\u102d\u102f\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u101e\u1005\u103a\u1015\u1004\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102d\u1000\u103c\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 Touch wood \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1010\u1001\u102f\u1001\u102f \u101c\u103d\u1032\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1038 \u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1005\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1010\u102c\u1010\u1032\u1037\u104b \u1021\u1032\u1012\u102e\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1018\u102c \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1010\u102c\u101c\u1032\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037\u101c\u1031\u101a\u1009\u103a\u1015\u103b\u1036 \u1000 \u101e\u1005\u103a\u1015\u1004\u103a \u1010\u103d\u1031\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1000\u1015\u103b\u1036\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1037\u104a \u1021\u1004\u103a\u1039\u1002\u101c\u102d\u1015\u103a\u101c\u1031\u101a\u102c\u1009\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000 \u101e\u1005\u103a\u1015\u1004\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101c\u1000\u103a\u1014\u1032\u1037 \u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u101e\u1005\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c \u1005\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1014\u1010\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u103b\u1036\u1001\u103d\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1010\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u1014\u103a\u1010\u102c \u1017\u103b\u104b \u1017\u1019\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a \u1010\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u103d\u1010\u103a\u2019\u2018\u1010\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u103d\u1010\u103a\u2019\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1019\u1021\u1036\u1037\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a \u1010\u1032\u1037 \u1021\u1000\u103b\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u101b\u1000\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1021\u102c\u101b\u1015\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000 \u1000\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1014\u1031\u1000\u103c\u1010\u102c\u1000 \u1021\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1000 Hellenization (mixing of Greek and local cultures) \u101f\u101a\u103a\u101c\u1004\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1007\u1031\u1038\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1001\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1010\u1032\u1037 \u1002\u101b\u102d\u1014\u1032\u1037 \u1021\u102c\u101b\u1015\u103a\u101b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101b\u102c\u1013\u101c\u1031\u1037\u1010\u103d\u1031\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1000\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1000\u103c\u101e\u1031\u1038\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b \u1018\u102c\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101c\u1032\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u1021\u101c\u1000\u103a\u1007\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1012\u102b\u1038\u1000 \u101e\u1030\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1010\u102c\u101c\u1031\u104b \u1021\u1031\u1012\u102e \u1041\u1040\u1046\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1010\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e \u101b\u1031\u102c\u1019\u1000\u1014\u1031\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u1014\u1018\u102c\u1038\u1010\u102e\u1038\u101b\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1018\u102f\u101b\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1015\u102e\u1011\u101b\u102e\u1038\u101a\u102c\u1038 \u1012\u1031\u101e\u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1021\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1010\u102c\u104b \u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101b\u1031\u102c\u1019\u101e\u103c\u1007\u102c\u1000 \u1021\u102c\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1017\u102e\u1038\u101a\u102c\u1038\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1002\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1012\u1014\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1015\u102b\u101c\u1000\u103a\u1005\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1011\u102d\u1015\u103c\u1014\u1037\u103a\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u1000\u102c\u101b\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101a\u103a\u1016\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1000\u1004\u103a\u1012\u102b \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u103e\u102c \u101b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1011\u102f\u1010\u103d\u1031\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1014\u1031\u1010\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u103d\u1031\u101b\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 <strong>\u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1031\u104a \u1021\u1015\u1004\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u104a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 <strong>\u1015\u102f\u1010\u102e\u1038\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1021\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u101c\u1000\u103a\u1016\u103d\u1032\u1037\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037<\/strong> \u1021\u1000\u102f\u1014\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1036\u1038 \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037\u1010\u102d\u101b\u102d\u1005\u102c\u1014\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031 \u1018\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1031 \u1000\u102d\u102f\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1015\u1030\u1007\u1031\u102c\u103a<\/strong> \u1010\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1031\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a \u101c\u1031\u1037 \u101b\u103e\u102d\u1000\u103c \u1010\u101a\u103a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1021\u1032\u1037\u1012\u102e\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1000 \u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u101e\u102d\u1005\u1031\u1001\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1000 \u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1005\u101c\u102c\u1019\u103a\u1000 \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u101b\u103a\u1018\u102c\u1014\u102e \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1014\u1032\u1037 \u1019\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1018\u1030\u1038\u1014\u1031\u102c\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 <strong>\u1019\u103c\u103e\u102c\u1038<\/strong> (\u1021\u1032\u101b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101c\u1031\u1038) \u1010\u103d\u1031\u1006\u103d\u1032\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 <strong>\u1017\u1031\u1012\u1004\u103a\u1019\u1031\u1038 \u101b\u103e\u1031\u1037\u1014\u102d\u1019\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1016\u1010\u103a<\/strong>\u1000\u103c\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b \u1018\u102f\u101b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1019\u103c\u103e\u102c\u1038\u101c\u1031\u1038 \u1010\u103d\u1031\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1010\u101a\u103a \u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a \u101c\u1031\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1031 \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037\u1019\u103e \u1016\u1032\u1001\u103b\u1015\u103a\u1014\u1032\u1037 \u1005\u102c\u1000\u101c\u1031\u1038\u1017\u1031\u1012\u1004\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1021\u1032\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1010\u103d\u1031 \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1000\u103c \u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b \u1021\u1001\u102f\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u1021\u1000\u102f\u1014\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102c\u1038\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104a \u1021\u1000\u102f\u1014\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1010\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u1021\u1032\u1037\u1012\u102e\u1001\u1031\u1010\u103a\u1000\u102c\u101c\u1006\u102d\u102f\u101b\u1004\u103a \u1005\u1005\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1010\u1032\u1037\u101e\u1030\u1010\u103d\u1031\u104a \u1021\u102c\u1038\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1014\u102d\u1019\u1037\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1010\u1032\u1037\u101c\u1030\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1016\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104a<\/strong> <strong>\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1019\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1011\u102c\u1038\u1010\u101a\u103a<\/strong>\u104a \u1014\u103e\u102d\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1000\u103a \u1010\u101a\u103a\u104a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u101c\u1030\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1016\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\/\u101d\u101a\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104a \u1021\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1000\u1021\u102c\u101b\u1015\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000\u1021\u1032\u1037\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1014\u1031\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1000\u103c\u1010\u102c\u104b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u101e\u1031\u101b\u100a\u103a \u101e\u1031\u101b\u1000\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u101c\u1032 \u1010\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u101e\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104a<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u101c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u1005\u102c\u1038 \u1010\u103d\u1031\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104a<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1021\u1000\u103c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1016\u1000\u103a\u1010\u1032\u1037 \u101c\u1030\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1032\u1037 \u1015\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1015\u103d\u1032\u101b\u103d\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103d\u1032 \u1010\u103d\u1031\u1021\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1021\u1000\u103b\u101a\u103a \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u1021\u1032\u1037\u1012\u102e\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1000 \u1021\u101a\u1030\u1021\u1005\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1019\u103e\u102c \u101b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a <strong>\u1019\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1019\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1021\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a \u1018\u101a\u103a \u101c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1021\u1011\u102d \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101c\u102c\u101e\u101c\u1032\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037<\/strong>.. \u1019\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1019\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000 \u101c\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101d\u1000\u102d\u102f <strong>\u1021\u1019\u103d\u1031\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1001\u1036\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103d\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1018\u1030\u1038\u104a \u1018\u102c\u1019\u103e \u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103d\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1018\u1030\u1038<\/strong> \u1021\u1019\u103d\u1031\u1018\u102c\u1019\u103e\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1019\u101b\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1018\u1030\u1038\u104a \u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1000 \u1019\u102d<strong>\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1019\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u101e\u101c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101a\u1030\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101b\u1010\u101a\u103a<\/strong>\u104a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 <strong>\u1019\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1019\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1001\u100f\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u101a\u1030 \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101b\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104a<\/strong> \u1004\u102b\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101c\u102c\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u1032\u1037\u1012\u102e\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1010\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1014\u1031\u1019\u101a\u103a \u1010\u1005\u103a\u101c\u1014\u1031 \u1019\u101a\u103a\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u1014\u103a\u1011\u101b\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1005\u1014\u1005\u103a\u1014\u1032\u1037 \u101a\u1030\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u101b\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104a\u1021\u1032\u1037\u1012\u102b \u1021\u102e\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1018\u102c\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a \u1021\u1001\u102f\u1021\u1011\u102d \u1000\u103b\u1014\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102d \u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u1038\u1010\u101a\u103a(\u1000\u1014\u103a\u1011\u101b\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1005\u1014\u1005\u103a\u1014\u1032\u1037\u1019\u1004\u103a\u1039\u1002\u101c\u102c)\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u101b\u103e\u102d\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104a \u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1021\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1000\u103b\u1015\u103a \u1007\u103d\u1010\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u1031\u1038\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1031 \u1021\u1032\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1031 \u101b\u103e\u102d\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1018\u1030\u1038\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u1019\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u101c\u1031\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1019\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1010\u101a\u103a\u1006\u102d\u102f\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1010\u1001\u102b\u1010\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1015\u1005\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1018\u102c\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101c\u1032\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u101c\u102c\u101b\u1004\u103a \u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1032\u1010\u102c\u1014\u1032\u1037 \u1000\u103c\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1019\u1011\u102c\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1018\u1030\u1038\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1010\u102c\u1014\u1032\u1037\u104b \u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1012\u102e\u1019\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u101c\u1031\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000\u1014\u1031 \u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u1021\u101b\u103e\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1006\u102d\u102f\u1010\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1014\u1032\u1037 \u104b \u1021\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u101c\u1010\u103a\u101c\u1010\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1010\u1001\u102b\u1010\u101b\u1036 \u1019\u103c\u1031\u1019\u103c\u103e\u102f\u1015\u103a \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1015\u1005\u103a\u1010\u102c\u104b \u1021\u1032\u1037\u1012\u102b \u1010\u1019\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a \u1019\u102d\u102f\u101f\u1019\u1039\u1019\u1012\u103a \u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u101c\u102c\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u1021\u1005\u1039\u1005\u101c\u102c\u1019\u103a \u101e\u102c\u101e\u1014\u102c\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u101c\u102c\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037\u1019\u103e\u1015\u1032 \u1021\u1032\u1012\u102e\u101c\u102d\u102f\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1031 \u101b\u1015\u103a\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1010\u102c\u104b \u1021\u1032\u1037\u1012\u102e\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u1021\u1005\u1039\u1005\u101c\u102c\u1019\u103a\u1000 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u101c\u1031\u1038 \u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1014\u103e\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1010\u101a\u103a\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1010\u102c\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1038\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b \u1021\u1032\u1037\u1012\u102e\u1000\u102c\u101c\u1019\u103e\u102c \u101e\u1030\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1021\u1014\u1031\u1014\u1032\u1037 \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1001\u1036\u1014\u1031\u1000\u103c\u101b\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1010\u1032\u1037 \u1021\u1000\u103b\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1038 \u1010\u103d\u1031\u1018\u1031\u1038\u1000\u1014\u1031 \u1021\u1005\u1039\u1005\u101c\u102c\u1019\u103a\u1000 \u1000\u101a\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1015\u1032\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1000\u1015\u103c\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1032 <\/strong><strong>\u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1019\u103d\u103e\u102c\u1019\u103d\u103e\u102c\u1000\u103d\u1032\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u101e\u1030\u1010\u101c\u1030 \u1004\u102b\u1010\u1019\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1014\u1031\u1000\u103c\u1010\u101a\u103a\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101a\u1037\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101b\u102c\u1014\u1032\u1037\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101a\u103a \u101c\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1005\u102f\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1021\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a \u1021\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1014\u1031\u1000\u103c\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u100a\u103a\u1010\u1001\u102f \u1015\u102f\u1036\u1005\u1036\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u104a \u1019\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1014\u101a\u103a\u1010\u1001\u102f \u1015\u102f\u1036\u1005\u1036\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u104a \u1001\u101b\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1010\u1001\u102f \u1015\u102f\u1036\u1005\u1036\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u104a \u1005\u102f\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1021\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a \u1010\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1018\u1030\u1038\u104b \u1000\u102d\u102f\u101a\u1037\u103a\u1021\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1005\u102f\u1014\u1032\u1037\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101a\u103a\u1014\u1031\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1021\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1004\u103a\u101e\u101c\u102d\u102f \u1021\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a \u1014\u1031\u1001\u103b\u1004\u103a\u101e\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1014\u1031\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1014\u1031\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1000\u103c\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u1021\u1032\u1037\u1012\u102e\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1018\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u101c\u1032\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037- <\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1019 (\u101b\u102d\u102f\u1019\u1014\u103a) \u1014\u1032\u1037 \u1015\u102b\u101b\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1038 (\u1021\u102e\u101b\u1014\u103a) \u1010\u103d\u1031\u1014\u1032\u1037\u1000 \u1019\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u1006\u102e\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1010\u1032\u1037 \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1015\u103d\u1032\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000\u102d\u102f (\u1047)\u101b\u102c \u1005\u102f\u1019\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1001\u1004\u103a\u101c\u1031\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1021\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1021\u1000\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1014\u1031\u1000\u103c\u1010\u102c\u104b \u1021\u1032\u1037\u1012\u102e\u101c\u102d\u102f \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1010\u102c \u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1018\u102c\u200c\u1010\u103d\u1031 \u1010\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a \u101b\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1015\u103c\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1000\u103c\u1010\u102c\u104b \u1021\u1032\u1010\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000 \u1015\u102b\u101b\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1014\u1032\u1037 \u101b\u102d\u102f\u1019\u1014\u103a\u1014\u1032\u1037 \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1000\u103c\u1010\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1031\u104b \u1021\u1032\u1037\u1012\u102e\u1010\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000 \u1019\u103d\u1010\u103a\u1005\u101c\u1004\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e \u1019\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a \u1000\u103c\u101e\u1031\u1038\u1018\u1030\u1038\u104b \u1021\u1032\u1012\u102e\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1014\u1031\u1010\u1032\u1037 \u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1016\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1000 \u1021\u102c\u101b\u1015\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000 \u1000\u103b\u103d\u1032\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1000\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1001\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1032\u1037\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038 \u1019\u103c\u1031\u1007\u102c\u1015\u1004\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101c\u102c\u1010\u102c \u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1018\u1030\u1038\u104b \u1021\u1032\u1037\u1012\u102e\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1000\u103c\u1000\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1019\u1031\u102c\u1005\u1031 \u101a\u102c\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038\u100a\u1000\u103a\u1005\u1031 \u1006\u102d\u102f\u1010\u1032\u1037 \u101e\u1018\u1031\u102c\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1037\u104b \u1021\u1005\u1039\u1005\u101c\u102c\u1019\u103a\u1018\u102c\u101e\u102c \u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u101c\u102c\u1010\u1032\u1037 \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102c\u104a \u101b\u1031\u102c\u1019 \u1014\u1032\u1037 \u1021\u102e\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1010\u103d\u1031 \u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1005\u103a\u1015\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1014\u1031\u1010\u1032\u1037\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1019\u103d\u1010\u103a\u1005\u101c\u1004\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000 \u101c\u103d\u101a\u103a\u101c\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1000\u101c\u1031\u1038\u101d\u1004\u103a \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1016\u1000\u103a\u1005\u101c\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101b\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1037\u104b<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Before the rise of Islam in the 7th century, Arabia was religiously diverse and culturally complex. The region contained groups with advanced trade networks and poetry, but also many tribes whose social practices were harsh, dangerous, and deeply fragmented. 1. Religious Beliefs Pre-Islamic Arabia was home to a variety of religious traditions: 2. Literacy and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4065,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,6,16,15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4071","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","category-history","category-opinion","category-world-muslims"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4071","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4071"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4071\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4843,"href":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4071\/revisions\/4843"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4065"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4071"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4071"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4071"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}