{"id":2897,"date":"2025-09-27T06:51:07","date_gmt":"2025-09-27T06:51:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/?p=2897"},"modified":"2025-09-27T06:51:30","modified_gmt":"2025-09-27T06:51:30","slug":"on-tyranny-and-patriot-twenty-lessons-by-timothy-snyder","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/2025\/09\/27\/on-tyranny-and-patriot-twenty-lessons-by-timothy-snyder\/","title":{"rendered":"On Tyranny and Patriot: Twenty Lessons by Timothy Snyder"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

On Tyranny: Twenty Lessons from the Twentieth Century by Timothy Snyder \u2013 review<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

On Tyranny: Twenty Lessons from the Twentieth Century by Timothy Snyder<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Timothy Snyder draws parallels between the Trump administration and that of the Third Reich. Photograph: Gregg Newton\/AFP\/Getty ImagesThe Yale historian\u2019s important book argues that we must learn from the horrors of the past if we want to protect our democracy<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Professors Timothy Snyder, Marci Shore, and Jason Stanley are leaving Yale for the University of Toronto. Some of their reasons might be personal and professional, but these well-known academics\u2014two historians and a philosopher\u2014aren\u2019t just changing jobs. They\u2019re fleeing America as they see it falling under an authoritarian regime. They\u2019re watching the rule of law wither and due process disappear while a chill of fear settles over the country\u2019s most powerful law firms, universities, and media owners. They\u2019re getting out while they can.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

So are thousands of other Americans who are looking for work abroad, researching foreign schools for their kids, trying to convert a grandparent\u2019s birth country into a second passport, or saving up several hundred thousand dollars to buy citizenship in Dominica or Vanuatu. Many more Americans are discussing leaving with their families and friends. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Very few people are capable of heroism under oppression. For anyone facing death, arrest, or even persistent harassment, fleeing the country is the sane course.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Following Trump\u2019s first election, in 2016, a British journalist published an essay in The New Yorker<\/em> explaining why, after decades in New York, she was returning to London. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

A former government official, writing under the pseudonym William A. Finnegan, says<\/a> that he is going to expatriate himself because America has broken its promise and his heart. His essay is a farewell love letter from an American who served his country for years: \u201cAnd so we grieve\u2014not just for what we\u2019re leaving behind, but for the version of America we once believed in.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

What if you decide the time has come to leave and find that it\u2019s too late?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trump\u2019s greatest weapon is his power to convince Americans that their country isn\u2019t worth saving.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Snyder\u2019s best-selling pamphlet, On Tyranny<\/em>, is an instruction manual on how to resist authoritarianism. Lesson 1 warns: \u201cDo not obey in advance.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Snyder\u2019s Lesson 19 is this command: \u201cBe a patriot.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Snyder, a plain-speaking history professor at Yale, has a core message, which he\u2019s been hammering<\/a> since before<\/em> Trump\u2019s re-election: Do not obey in advance. Resist.<\/em> The following passage hit me harder on this second reading, two months into Trump 2.0, than it did in November. From Chapter 19: \u201cBe a Patriot\u201d:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 a nationalist is not a patriot. A nationalist encourages us to be our worst, and then tells us that we are the best. A nationalist, \u201calthough endlessly brooding on power, victory, defeat, revenge,\u201d wrote Orwell, tends to be \u201cuninterested in what happens in the real world.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As the novelist Danilo Ki\u0161 put it, nationalism \u201chas no universal values, aesthetic or ethical.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A patriot, by contrast, wants the nation to live up to its ideals, which means asking us to be our best selves. A patriot must be concerned with the real world, which is the only place where his country can be loved and sustained. A patriot has universal values, standards by which he judges his nation, always wishing it well\u2009\u2014\u2009and wishing that it would do better.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Democracy failed in Europe in the 1920s, \u201930s, and \u201940s, and it is failing not only in much of Europe but in many parts of the world today. It is that history and experience that reveals to us the dark range of our possible futures. A nationalist will say that \u201cit can\u2019t happen here,\u201d which is the first step toward disaster. A patriot says that it could happen here, but that we will stop it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

‘Trump’ offers a \u201chighly constrained [language] to starve the public of the concepts needed to think about the past, present and future\u201d, Snyder argues. In the president\u2019s frame of reference events are only ever bad or sad or mad.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI love the poorly educated\u201d, as Trump chillingly observed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

His landmark 2010 book, Bloodlands<\/em><\/a>, examined the lasting effects of the totalitarian regimes of the Third Reich and of Stalin\u2019s Russia on the places in which they clashed most devastatingly: Poland, Belarus, Ukraine and the Baltic states. When he suggests \u201cdo not obey in advance\u201d or \u201cbe calm when the unthinkable arrives\u201d or \u201cbe wary of paramilitaries\u201d or \u201cmake eye contact and small talk\u201d, he deftly brings to bear all that he knows about the trajectory of tyranny and the mechanisms of resistance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

From Chapter 19: \u201cBe a Patriot\u201d:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

It is not patriotic to admire foreign dictators. It is not patriotic to cultivate a relationship with Kim Jong Un; or to say that Bashar al-Assad and Vladimir Putin are superior leaders. It is not patriotic to call upon foreign leaders to intervene in American presidential elections. It is not patriotic to cite Russian propaganda at rallies. It is not patriotic to share an adviser with Russian oligarchs. It is not patriotic to appoint advisers with financial interests in Russian companies. It is not patriotic to appoint a National Security Advisor who likes to be called \u201cGeneral Misha,\u201d nor to pardon him for his crimes. It is not patriotic when that pardoned official calls for martial law. It is not patriotic to refer to American soldiers as \u201closers\u201d and \u201csuckers.\u201d It is not patriotic to take health care from families, nor to golf your way through a national epidemic in which half a million Americans die. It is not patriotic to try to sabotage an American election, nor to claim victory after defeat. It is not patriotic to try to end democracy.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Yawnathan Online<\/strong><\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u1021\u102c\u100f\u102c\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a \u1005\u1014\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103e \u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101a\u1030\u101b\u1019\u100a\u1037\u103a \u101e\u1004\u103a\u1001\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1005\u102c \u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1006\u101a\u103a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

***************<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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19. BE A PATRIOT<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u1017\u102e\u101a\u1000\u103a\u1014\u1019\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1011\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1014\u103a \u101b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101c\u103d\u103e\u1032\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1014\u101a\u1030\u1038\u101a\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1011\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1016\u1000\u103a \u101b\u103e\u102c\u1016\u103d\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038 \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1014\u103e\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101a\u103e\u1009\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036 \u1021\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a \u101e\u1005\u1039\u1005\u102c\u1019\u1032\u1037\u101b\u102c \u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1021\u1019\u1031\u101b\u102d\u1000\u1014\u103a \u1021\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1019\u102c\u1038 \u1019\u102d\u101e\u102c\u1038\u1005\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000 \u1021\u1001\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101b\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1019\u102d\u1019\u102d\u1000\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u1021\u1001\u103d\u1014\u103a \u1010\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1000\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1005\u103a\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a \u1019\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101b\u1015\u103a \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1021\u1001\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1014\u1031\u1000\u103c\u101b\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1019\u1031\u101b\u102d\u1000\u1014\u103a \u1019\u102d\u101e\u102c\u1038\u1005\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1019\u102d\u1019\u102d \u101e\u1019\u1039\u1019\u1010 \u1021\u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u1036\u101b\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1015\u103c\u102f\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a \u1000\u1019\u103a\u1015\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038 \u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u101b\u1036\u1015\u102f\u1036\u1004\u103d\u1031 \u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u101d\u1004\u103a\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1006\u102d\u102f\u101c\u102c\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1005\u103a\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a \u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101b\u102c \u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1011\u102d\u102f\u1019\u103b\u103e\u1019\u1000\u101e\u1031\u1038 \u1011\u102d\u102f\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u104d \u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u101d\u1004\u103a\u101c\u102c\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a \u1004\u103d\u1031\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1019\u102d\u1019\u102d \u1000\u102f\u1019\u1039\u1015\u100f\u102e \u1021\u1000\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038 \u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u101e\u1031\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u1021\u102c\u100f\u102c\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103b \u1001\u103b\u102e\u1038\u1019\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1001\u1036 \u1016\u103d\u1004\u1037\u103a\u200c\u1014\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1005\u103a\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a \u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101b\u102c \u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1000\u1004\u103a\u1002\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1021\u1014\u103a\u1038\u104a \u1018\u102c\u101b\u103e\u102c \u1021\u101a\u103a \u1021\u102c\u1006\u1010\u103a\u104a \u1017\u101c\u102c\u1012\u102e\u1019\u102c \u1015\u1030\u1010\u1004\u103a \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1019\u103c\u1010\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1001\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a \u101a\u1030\u1006\u1000\u102c \u1006\u1000\u103a\u1006\u1036\u1014\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1005\u103a\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a \u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1015\u1031\u104b \u1015\u103c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1019\u103e \u1001\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1021\u1019\u1031\u101b\u102d\u1000\u1014\u103a \u101e\u1019\u1039\u1019\u1010 \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1000\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103d\u1032 \u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u101d\u1004\u103a\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u1000\u1030\u100a\u102e \u1015\u1031\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1015\u102b\u101f\u102f \u1010\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1005\u103a\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a \u101f\u102f \u1019\u1001\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u104a \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1000\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103d\u1032 \u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1019\u1032\u1006\u103d\u101a\u103a\u101b\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u101b\u102f\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1038\u1016\u1000\u103a \u1000 \u101d\u102b\u1012 \u1016\u103c\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102e \u1019\u103e\u102f \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1000\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1000\u102c\u1038 \u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1014\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1005\u103a\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a \u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1015\u1031\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u101b\u102f\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1038 \u101c\u1030\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1005\u102f \u1021\u102c\u100f\u102c\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1000\u103c\u1036\u1015\u1031\u1038 \u1015\u102f\u1002\u1039\u1002\u102d\u102f\u101c\u103a \u1010\u1026\u1038\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1019\u103b\u103e\u101d\u1031 \u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1005\u103a\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1013\u102b\u1010\u103a \u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a\u104a \u101b\u102f\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1038 \u1000\u102f\u1019\u1039\u1015\u100f\u102e\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1004\u103d\u1031\u1000\u103c\u1031\u1038 \u1021\u1000\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038 \u1021\u1019\u103c\u1010\u103a \u101b\u103e\u102d\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1000\u103c\u1036\u1015\u1031\u1038 \u1015\u102f\u1002\u1039\u1002\u102d\u102f\u101c\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a \u1001\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1005\u103a\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1013\u102b\u1010\u103a \u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u104a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“\u1017\u102d\u102f\u101c\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a \u1019\u102e\u101b\u103e\u102c” \u101f\u102f \u1021\u1001\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1001\u1036\u101b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u101e\u1000\u103a\u101e\u1030\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1021\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101e\u102c\u1038 \u101c\u102f\u1036\u1001\u103c\u102f\u1036\u101b\u1031\u1038 \u1021\u1000\u103c\u1036\u1015\u1031\u1038 \u1001\u1036\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1000\u103b\u1030\u1038\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a \u101b\u102c\u1007\u101d\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u101c\u103d\u1010\u103a\u1004\u103c\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103d\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1015\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1005\u103a\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a \u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101b\u102c \u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1021\u1015\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103e \u101c\u103d\u1010\u103a\u1004\u103c\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103d\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101b\u101c\u102c\u101e\u1030\u1000 \u1019\u102c\u101b\u103e\u101a\u103a\u101c\u1031\u102c \u1000\u103c\u1031\u100a\u102c\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1005\u103a\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a \u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a\u104a \u1021\u1019\u1031\u101b\u102d\u1000\u1014\u103a \u1005\u1005\u103a\u101e\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u102c\u1038 “losers”\u101f\u102f\u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a “suckers” \u101f\u102f\u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101b\u100a\u103a\u100a\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1005\u103a\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a \u101b\u103e\u102d\u101e\u1030 \u101f\u102f \u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u104d \u101b\u1015\u102b\u1026\u1038\u1019\u100a\u103a\u101c\u1031\u102c\u104a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u1021\u1019\u1031\u101b\u102d\u1000\u1014\u103a \u1019\u102d\u101e\u102c\u1038\u1005\u102f \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u101b\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1000\u103b\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1019\u102c\u101b\u1031\u1038 \u1005\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101c\u102f\u101a\u1000\u103a\u101a\u1030\u1004\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a \u1010\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u100a\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1036\u1038 \u101c\u1030 \u1004\u102b\u1038\u101e\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038 \u1001\u1014\u1037\u103a \u101e\u1031\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1014\u1031\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1002\u1031\u102b\u1000\u103a\u101b\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a \u1019\u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a \u1001\u101b\u102e\u1038\u1006\u1000\u103a\u200c\u1014\u1031\u101e\u100a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102c\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1005\u103a\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a \u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101f\u102f \u1006\u102d\u102f\u101b\u1019\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1021\u1019\u1031\u101b\u102d\u1000\u1014\u103a \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1000\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103d\u1032 \u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1016\u103b\u1000\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1016\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1006\u102e\u1038 \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1000\u103c\u1036\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a \u101b\u103e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1014\u102d\u1019\u1037\u103a\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1001\u102b \u1021\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u101e\u1030 \u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a \u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1005\u103a\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a \u101b\u103e\u102d\u101e\u1030 \u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1015\u1031\u104b \u1012\u102e\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1000\u101b\u1031\u1005\u102e \u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1001\u1014\u103a\u1038 \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1000\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u101e\u100a\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1005\u103a\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u101f\u102f \u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u104d \u1019\u101b\u1015\u1031\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u1021\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101e\u102c\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038 \u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1013\u102b\u1010\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101e\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000 \u1021\u1011\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102b \u1021\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u101b\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1000\u102d\u102f \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1000\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1019\u100a\u103a \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101e\u1031\u102c\u103a \u1021\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101e\u102c\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038 \u101e\u1019\u102c\u1038 \u1010\u1026\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1005\u103a\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a \u101b\u103e\u102d\u101e\u1030\u1010\u1026\u1038 \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1019\u101c\u102c\u104a \u1021\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101e\u102c\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038 \u101e\u1019\u102c\u1038 \u1010\u1026\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1021\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101d\u102b\u1038\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038 \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101c\u102c\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a \u1021\u102c\u1038\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1019\u100a\u103a\u104a \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101c\u102c\u1015\u102b\u1000 \u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1000\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038 \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u101f\u102f \u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u101c\u102c\u1015\u1031\u1019\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u1021\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101e\u102c\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038 \u101e\u1019\u102c\u1038\u1010\u1026\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1019\u103c\u1032\u101c\u102d\u102f\u101c\u102d\u102f \u1021\u102c\u100f\u102c\u104a \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103d\u1032\u104a \u1021\u101b\u103e\u1030\u1036\u1038 \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101c\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101e\u102c \u1010\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1014\u1031\u1000\u103c\u1019\u100a\u103a \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1000\u1019\u1039\u1018\u102c\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u101a\u103a \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101e\u100a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1019\u101d\u1004\u103a\u1005\u102c\u1038 \u1010\u1010\u103a\u1000\u103c \u101f\u102f \u1002\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1037\u1001\u103a\u103b \u1021\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101d\u1032\u101c\u103a \u1000 \u101b\u1031\u1038\u101e\u102c\u1038\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1016\u1030\u1038\u1015\u1031\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u1021\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101e\u102c\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038 \u101d\u102b\u1012\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1006\u103d\u1031\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101e\u102c\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a \u1014\u102e\u1038\u1005\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1030 \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u102c \u101e\u1000\u103a\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1021\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1010\u101b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1001\u1036\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1021\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u101e\u102c \u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u1036\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1021\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u101c\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1000\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1019\u1000\u103b\u1031\u1019\u1014\u1015\u103a \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101c\u102c\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1000\u102d\u102f\u101a\u1037\u103a\u101c\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101e\u102c \u1019\u103c\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a \u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101e\u102c \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u104f \u1021\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1001\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1021\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a \u101c\u103d\u103e\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1014\u1031\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u1006\u102c\u1018\u102e\u101a\u102c\u1038 \u1005\u102c\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1006\u101b\u102c \u1012\u102b\u1014\u102e\u101c\u102d\u102f \u1000\u102d\u101b\u103a\u101b\u103e\u103a \u1000 \u1021\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101e\u102c\u1038 \u101b\u1031\u1038 \u101d\u102b\u1012 \u104f \u101b\u101e\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c\u104a \u1000\u102d\u102f\u101a\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1010\u101b\u102c\u1038 \u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1000\u1019\u1039\u1018\u102c\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u104f \u1010\u1014\u103a\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1038 \u1011\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u101b\u1019\u100a\u103a \u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u101f\u102f \u1006\u102d\u102f\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u1021\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101e\u102c\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038 \u101e\u1019\u102c\u1038 \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1000 “\u1012\u102e\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1019\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a” \u101f\u102f \u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1014\u1031\u1019\u100a\u103a \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104a \u1011\u102d\u102f\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1014\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u1015\u1004\u103a \u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1004\u102b\u1038\u1015\u102b\u1038\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1015\u1011\u1019 \u1001\u103c\u1031\u101c\u103e\u1019\u103a\u1038 \u101c\u103e\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101c\u102c\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1005\u103a\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a \u101b\u103e\u102d\u101e\u1030 \u1000\u1019\u1030 \u1012\u102e\u1019\u103e\u102c\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101c\u102c\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u104d \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1019\u101c\u102c\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a \u101f\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1038\u101b\u1019\u100a\u103a \u101f\u102f\u101e\u102c \u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1015\u1031\u101c\u102d\u1019\u1037\u103a\u1019\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

On Tyranny: Twenty Lessons from the Twentieth Century by Timothy Snyder \u2013 review On Tyranny: Twenty Lessons from the Twentieth Century by Timothy Snyder Timothy Snyder draws parallels between the Trump administration and that of the Third Reich. Photograph: Gregg Newton\/AFP\/Getty ImagesThe Yale historian\u2019s important book argues that we must learn from the horrors of the […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2898,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2897","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","category-opinion"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2897","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2897"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2897\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2900,"href":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2897\/revisions\/2900"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2898"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2897"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2897"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2897"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}