{"id":2106,"date":"2025-07-25T11:31:23","date_gmt":"2025-07-25T11:31:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/?p=2106"},"modified":"2025-07-25T12:37:32","modified_gmt":"2025-07-25T12:37:32","slug":"indian-influence-on-myanmar-language-religion-culture-and-dance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/2025\/07\/25\/indian-influence-on-myanmar-language-religion-culture-and-dance\/","title":{"rendered":"Indian influence on Myanmar language, religion, culture and dance"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Indian influence on Myanmar language, culture and dance<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"\u1021\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u102d\u101a\u1021\u1000\u1014\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1037\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1021\u1000\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u104f\u101a\u103e\u1009\u103a\u1014\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/dnDNvv_ZvWs?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Myanmar alphabets, same in form and pronunciation with one Indian Dialect as both derived from Brami\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/nrlP7SHNfbw?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u101b\u102c\u1007\u101d\u1004\u103a\u101c\u102c \u101e\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u102d\u101a\u101c\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 (\u1041)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1021\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u102d\u101a\u101c\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038 \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101f\u102c \u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038(\u1042\u1040\u1040\u1040)\u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1000\u1015\u1004\u103a \u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1037\u1019\u103c\u1031\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a \u1005\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u103b \u1001\u1032\u1037\u1000\u103c\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u104f \u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u101b\u1031\u1038\u104a \u1018\u102c\u101e\u102c\u101b\u1031\u1038\u104a \u101c\u1030\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101b\u1031\u1038\u104a \u101a\u1009\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1031\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1013\u101c\u1031\u1037\u1011\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1005\u1036\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a \u101c\u103d\u103e\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(\u1005\u102c\u100a\u103d\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1038 (\u1041) \u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1010\u101b\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1021\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u102d\u101a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038 \u1021\u101d\u1031\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1031\u1038 \u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1019\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u201c\u1015\u102f\u1002\u1036\u101a\u1009\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1031\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp; \u1005\u102c\u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102c (\u1044\u1042)\u104a \u1015\u102b\u1019\u1031\u102c\u1000\u1039\u1001\u1026\u1038\u101e\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1011\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1038 M.A.B.L, D. LIT, Ph.D<br>\u1005\u102c\u100a\u103d\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1038 (\u1042) \u101b\u103e\u1031\u1038\u101f\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103b\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u2013 \u1005\u102c\u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102c (\u1043 \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1044)\u104a \u1015\u102b\u1019\u1031\u102c\u1000\u1039\u1001\u1026\u1038\u101e\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1011\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1038)<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sanooaung.files.wordpress.com\/2007\/12\/himalaya-map-4.png?w=410&amp;h=307\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u1000\u1019\u1039\u1018\u102c\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u104c \u1010\u101b\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1015\u103c\u100a\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u102d\u101a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101b\u103e\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1000\u103b\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101c\u1030\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u1016\u103d\u1032\u1037\u1021\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101f\u102d\u1019\u101d\u1014\u1039\u1010\u102c\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1010\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1000 \u1000\u102c\u1006\u102e\u1038\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036 \u1000\u1030\u1038\u101c\u1030\u1038\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1006\u1036\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u101b\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102f\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1001\u1000\u103a\u1001\u1032\u101c\u103e\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101e\u1031\u102c\u103a \u1015\u1011\u101d\u102e\u101e\u1018\u1031\u102c\u1021\u101b \u1021\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u102d\u101a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1021\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e \u1021\u101b\u103e\u1031\u1037\u1019\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1037\u101c\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1014\u101a\u103a\u1005\u1015\u103a\u104c \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1019\u102d\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1010\u103d\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1001\u1031\u102b\u1000\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u101c\u102c\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u101f\u102d\u1019\u101d\u1014\u1039\u1010\u102c\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1010\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1021\u101b\u103e\u1031\u1037\u1021\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u101b\u103e\u102d\u101e\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1010\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104f \u1021\u101b\u103e\u1031\u1037\u1018\u1000\u103a\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038 \u1010\u102d\u1018\u1000\u103a\u1000\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1019\u103e\u1005\u104d \u1010\u103d\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1001\u1031\u102b\u1000\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1015\u103c\u100a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u104d \u1019\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a \u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1010\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101c\u103b\u1000\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/41\/Spreading_homo_sapiens.svg\/1000px-Spreading_homo_sapiens.svg.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1010\u101b\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u102d\u101a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u101e\u102c\u1038\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1000\u1030\u1038\u101c\u1030\u1038\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1006\u1036\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1021\u1014\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1021\u101a\u103e\u1000\u103a \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101f\u102d\u1019\u101d\u1014\u1039\u1010\u102c\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1015\u103c\u100a\u103a\u1011\u1032\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1000\u103d\u1031\u1038\u101d\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1014\u102d\u1019\u1037\u103a\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1010\u102d\u1018\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101a\u1030\u1014\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103e \u101b\u103e\u1031\u1038\u1026\u1038\u101c\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1010\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038\u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u104a \u1019\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a \u101c\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1000\u1030\u1005\u103d\u102c \u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1015\u103c\u100a\u103a\u1011\u1032\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1000\u103a\u101c\u102c\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/2\/22\/TibetanPlateau.jpg\" alt=\"Rivers flowing from China into Burma through the valleys\" width=\"498\" height=\"237\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rivers flowing from China into Burma through the valleys<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1010\u1016\u1014\u103a \u101f\u1030\u1038\u1000\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038\u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u104a \u1021\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1000\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038\u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038 \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103e\u1010\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1010\u101b\u102f\u1010\u103a-\u1021\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u102d\u101a \u101b\u103d\u103e\u1031\u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038-\u1004\u103d\u1031\u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038 \u1016\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1000\u103c\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u101a\u1014\u1031\u1037 \u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1021\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u102d\u101a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1010\u101b\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1006\u1000\u103a\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101e\u1018\u102c\u1040 \u1021\u101d\u1031\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1031\u1038\u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1019\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101c\u102c\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101b\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(\u1005\u102c\u100a\u103d\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1038 1. \u201c\u1015\u102f\u1002\u1036\u101a\u1009\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1031\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp; \u1005\u102c\u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102c (\u1044\u1042)\u104a \u1015\u102b\u1019\u1031\u102c\u1000\u1039\u1001\u1026\u1038\u101e\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1011\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1038)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Sri Ksetra was an important&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Entrep%C3%B4t\">entrep\u00f4t<\/a>&nbsp;between China and India. By Htin Aung, Maung (1967).&nbsp;<em>A History of Burma<\/em>. New York and London: Cambridge University Press.<\/h5>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/e\/ed\/Transasia_trade_routes_1stC_CE_gr2.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u102d\u101a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1010\u101b\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u1019\u103e \u1001\u101b\u102e\u1038\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104a \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1015\u103c\u1031\u1038\u1012\u102f\u1000\u1039\u1001\u101e\u100a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104a \u1000\u102f\u1014\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u1015\u103d\u1032\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104a \u101b\u1031\u1000\u103c\u100a\u103a\u101b\u102c\u1019\u103c\u1000\u103a\u1014\u102f\u101b\u102c \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1037\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u1031\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a \u101e\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1015\u103c\u100a\u103a\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104c \u1010\u1005\u1005 \u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u1036 \u1014\u1031\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101c\u102c\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1000\u103c\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/2\/22\/China_topo.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u101b\u102c\u1007\u101d\u1004\u103a\u101c\u102c \u101e\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u102d\u101a\u101c\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 (\u1042)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft\"><a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/4\/49\/Pyu_Realm.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/4\/49\/Pyu_Realm.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>\u1015\u103b\u1030\u101c\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(\u1005\u102c\u100a\u103d\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1038 \u101b\u103e\u1031\u1038\u101f\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103b\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u2013 \u1005\u102c\u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102c (\u1043 \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1044)\u104a \u1015\u102b\u1019\u1031\u102c\u1000\u1039\u1001\u1026\u1038\u101e\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1011\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1038)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c(\u1017\u1019\u102c) \u101c\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1015\u103b\u1030\u104a \u1000\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1036\u104a \u101e\u1000\u103a \u101c\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1015\u103a\u104d \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u101c\u102c\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1015\u103b\u1030\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1021\u1004\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1000\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000 \u1021\u1000\u103b\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038 \u101c\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1015\u103b\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1004\u103a \u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u1036\u101c\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038(\u1043)\u1005\u102f\u1019\u103e \u1015\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1015\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u104f\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(\u1041) \u101b\u103e\u1031\u1038\u1026\u1038\u101c\u1030\u101e\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u1036 \u1015\u103b\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102c \u2013 \u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1001\u1031\u1010\u103a\u104a \u1000\u103c\u1031\u1038\u1001\u1031\u1010\u103a \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101e\u1036\u1001\u1031\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e \u1005\u104d \u1021\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a \u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1015\u103c\u100a\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1014\u1031\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1000\u103c\u101e\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(\u1042) \u1021\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u102d\u101a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u1019\u103e \u101b\u103d\u103e\u1031\u1037\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u103b\u101c\u102c\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1015\u103b\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104a \u101e\u1030\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000 \u101f\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u1030\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1017\u102f\u1012\u1039\u1013\u1018\u102c\u101e\u102c \u101e\u102c\u1019\u1000 \u101a\u1009\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1031\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1013\u101c\u1031\u1037\u1015\u102b\u101e\u101a\u103a\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101c\u102c\u101e\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(\u1043) \u1019\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1018\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u102c\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1010\u102d\u1018\u1000\u103a \u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1021\u1014\u103d\u101a\u103a\u101d\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103b\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u1015\u103b\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u103b\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/19\/Asia_800ad.jpg\"><\/a>\u1015\u103b\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104c \u1018\u102e\u1005\u102e(\u1041\u1040\u1040)\u1001\u1014\u1037\u103a \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u101c\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1000\u1015\u1004\u103a \u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u103b \u1014\u1031\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1000\u103c\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101f\u1014\u103a\u101c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1000\u103d\u1010\u103a\u1001\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u104a \u101e\u1036\u101c\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1000\u1019\u103a\u1038\u104a \u1021\u101b\u103e\u1031\u1037\u1018\u1000\u103a\u1000\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1010\u1014\u103a\u1038\u104a \u1019\u102f\u1010\u1039\u1010\u1019\u1015\u1004\u103a\u101c\u101a\u103a\u1000\u103d\u1031\u1037\u104a \u101e\u1036\u1010\u103d\u1032\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1019\u1012\u1031\u101e\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1005\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103c\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">(\u1005\u102c\u100a\u103d\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1038- \u1015\u102b\u1019\u1031\u102c\u1000\u1039\u1001\u1026\u1038\u101e\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1011\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1038&nbsp; \u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u101b\u102c\u1007\u101d\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u103c\u1005\u102c\u1021\u102f\u1015\u103a)<\/h5>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft\"><a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/d2\/Myazedi-Inscription-Pyu.JPG\/450px-Myazedi-Inscription-Pyu.JPG\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/d2\/Myazedi-Inscription-Pyu.JPG\/450px-Myazedi-Inscription-Pyu.JPG\" alt=\"\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Myazedi_inscription\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Myazedi Inscription<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/maps.google.com\/maps?ll=18.4819444444,96.4369444444&amp;spn=0.1,0.1&amp;q=18.4819444444,96.4369444444%20(Pyu)&amp;t=h\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Pyu<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1015\u103b\u1030\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101e\u101b\u1031\u1001\u1031\u1010\u1039\u1010\u101b\u102c (\u1015\u103c\u100a\u103a)\u104c \u1021\u1031\u1012\u102e \u1044-\u1048 \u101b\u102c\u1005\u102f\u104a \u1019\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a \u1017\u102d\u1010\u1039\u1010\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1038 (\u1021\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1000 \u1017\u1005\u103a\u101b\u103e\u1014\u1030\u1038\u1001\u1031\u102b\u103a \u101f\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u1030 \u1018\u102f\u101b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1019\u100a\u103a) (\u1001\u1019\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000 \u1021\u1031\u1012\u102e \u1042\u1041\u1040-\u1042\u1042\u1045\u101e\u102d\u1019\u103a)\u104a \u1010\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1021\u1031\u1012\u102e \u1041-\u1044 \u101b\u102c\u1005\u102f\u104a \u101f\u1014\u103a\u101c\u1004\u103a\u1038 (\u101d\u1000\u103a\u101c\u1000\u103a) \u1021\u1031\u1012\u102e \u1041-\u1044 \u101b\u102c\u1005\u102f\u104a \u101f\u1014\u103a\u101c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1010\u1000\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038 (\u101e\u1015\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1038)\u104a waddi (\u1014\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038)\u104a \u1019\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a\u104a \u1019\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u102c\u1038\u104a \u1018\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1014\u1000 (\u1015\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1018\u103d\u101a\u103a)\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1018\u102e\u1038\u101c\u1004\u103a\u1038 (\u1019\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1015\u103c\u100a\u103a\u1014\u101a\u103a) \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u104c \u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u103b\u1014\u1031\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1000\u103c\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1021\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u102d\u101a \u1002\u103d\u1015\u1039\u1015\u1010\u102c\u1038 (Gupta) \u1019\u1030\u1000\u103d\u1032 \u1015\u103b\u1030\u1005\u102c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Brahmi Script, Gupta script, Pyu script and Burmese script<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1015\u103b\u1030\u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u102b\u1020\u102d\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1002\u103d\u1015\u1039\u1015\u1010\u102c\u1038 \u1019\u1030\u1000\u103d\u1032 \u1015\u103b\u1030\u1005\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101b\u1031\u1038\u101e\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102c\u1038\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1015\u103b\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u101b\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1001\u101b\u102e\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1000\u102f\u1014\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104f \u1000\u103c\u1031\u1004\u103c\u102c\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u101f\u1030\u104d \u1010\u101b\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101b\u102c\u1007\u101d\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104c \u101b\u1031\u1038\u101e\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038 \u1010\u1004\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_a.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;a<\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_i.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;i<\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_u.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;u<\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_ri.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;\u1e5b<\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_e.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;e<\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_o.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;o<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_aa.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;\u0101<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_au.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;au<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_k.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;k<\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_kh.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;kh<\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_g.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;g<\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_gh.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;gh<\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_ng.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;\u1e45<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_c.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;c<\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_ch.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;ch<\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_j.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;j<\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_ashoka_jh.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;jh<\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_ny.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;\u00f1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_tt.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;\u1e6d<\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_tth.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;\u1e6dh<\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_dd.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;\u1e0d<\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_ddh.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;\u1e0dh<\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_nn.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;\u1e47<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_t.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;t<\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_th.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;th<\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_d.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;d<\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_dh.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;dh<\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_n.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;n<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_p.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;p<\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_ph.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;ph<\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_b.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;b<\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_bh.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;bh<\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_m.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;m<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_y.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;y<\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_r.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;r<\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_l.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;l<\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_v.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;v<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_sh.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;\u015b<\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_ss.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;\u1e63<\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_s.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;s<\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gupta_allahabad_h.svg\"><\/a>&nbsp;h<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1017\u102d\u103f\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1038Brikthano (\u1017\u1005\u103a\u101b\u103e\u1014\u1030\u1038)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1001\u1019\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000 \u1021\u1031\u1012\u102e \u1042\u1041\u1040-\u1042\u1042\u1045\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1019\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101d\u1004\u103a\u101c\u102c\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1015\u1014\u103a\u1011\u103d\u102c\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101b\u102c\u1019\u100a\u1019\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a \u1011\u1030\u1011\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1017\u102f\u1012\u1039\u1013\u1018\u102c\u101e\u102c\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101f\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u1030\u1018\u102c\u101e\u102c \u1000\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1000\u103c\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1017\u102f\u1012\u1039\u1013\u101b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1010\u102f\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1002\u103d\u1015\u1039\u1015\u1010\u102c\u1038 (\u1021\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u102d\u101a)\u101f\u1014\u103a \u101f\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u1030\u1018\u102f\u101b\u102c\u1038\u101b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1010\u102f \u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1005\u102f\u1036\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Ref:&nbsp; Aung-Thwin, pp. 35\u201336, Harvey, p. 4)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1015\u103b\u1030\u1018\u102f\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1019\u101f\u102c\u101b\u102c\u1002\u103b\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101f\u102f\u1001\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1010\u101b\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101b\u102c\u1007\u101d\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104c \u1015\u103b\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u201cP\u2019 aio\u201d \u1015\u1021\u102d\u102f\u101f\u102f \u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101e\u1031\u102c\u103a \u1015\u103b\u1030\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000\u1019\u1030 \u101e\u1030\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101a\u103a\u101e\u1030\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037 Tricul \u1010\u102e\u1000\u103b\u1030\u1038\u101f\u102f \u101e\u1019\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1010\u101b\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101b\u102c\u1007\u101d\u1004\u103a\u104c \u1014\u1014\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102d\u102f\u101b\u103e\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1010\u101b\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1010\u102d\u1018\u1000\u103a \u1015\u1030\u1038\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104d \u1010\u101b\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1001\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u101b\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1014\u1014\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102d\u102f\u101b\u103e\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1010\u101b\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1018\u102f\u101b\u1004\u103a Ko-lo-fan \u1000\u102d\u102f\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1016\u1004\u103a\u104f \u1015\u103b\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1006\u1000\u103a\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u101b\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1015\u103b\u1030\u1018\u102f\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1019\u101f\u102c\u101b\u102c\u1002\u103b\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104a \u1019\u103e\u1030\u1038\u1019\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f MAHSINAS \u1019\u101f\u102c\u1012\u102e\u1014\u102c\u1038\u101f\u102f \u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1015\u103b\u1030\u1018\u102f\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 VISNU (\u1017\u1005\u103a\u101b\u103e\u1014\u1030\u1038)\u1018\u103d\u1032\u1037 \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u102d\u101a \u1002\u103d\u1015\u1039\u1015\u1010\u102c\u1038 (Gupta)&nbsp; \u1013\u101c\u1031\u1037\u1021\u101b \u101a\u1030\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1021\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u102d\u101a \u1021\u1000\u1039\u1001\u101b\u102c\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u104d \u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1015\u103b\u1030\u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104c \u1017\u1005\u103a\u101b\u102c\u1019 (VIKRAM) \u1019\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1000 \u1021\u1031\u1012\u102e \u1046\u1047\u1043\u1019\u103e \u1047\u1041\u1048\u1021\u1011\u102d \u1005\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1005\u1036\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(\u1005\u102c\u100a\u103d\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1038 Burma, D.G.E.HALL MA D.LIT, F.R.HIST. Professor Emeritus of the University of London and Former Professor of History, Rangoon, Burma 3rd. Eddition 1960 Page 8.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/e\/e8\/Khasarpana_Lokesvara.jpg\/401px-Khasarpana_Lokesvara.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/e\/e8\/Khasarpana_Lokesvara.jpg\/401px-Khasarpana_Lokesvara.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104c \u1017\u1005\u103a\u101b\u102c\u1019\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e \u1017\u1005\u103a\u101b\u103e\u1014\u1030\u1038 (\u101f\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u1030\u1018\u102f\u101b\u102c\u1038) \u1021\u1019\u100a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u103d\u1032\u1016\u1000\u103a \u1016\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1015\u103c\u101c\u1031\u1037 \u101b\u103e\u102d\u1000\u103c\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1017\u1005\u103a\u101b\u103e\u1014\u1030\u1038 (\u101f\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u1030\u1014\u1010\u103a\u1018\u102f\u101b\u102c\u1038)\u1000 \u1002\u101b\u102f\u1012\u102b (GARUDA) \u1001\u1031\u102b\u103a \u1002\u1020\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1004\u103e\u1000\u103a\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u104c \u1019\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1015\u103a\u101b\u1015\u103a\u1014\u1031\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u101c\u1000\u103a\u101b\u103e\u1019\u102e\u1038 (LAKSHMI \u101f\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u1030\u1014\u1010\u103a\u1018\u102f\u101b\u102c\u1038\u1019) \u1000 \u1000\u103c\u102c\u1015\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u104c \u101b\u1015\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1010\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1018\u101b\u102c\u1019\u102c (BRAHMA \u101f\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u1030\u1014\u1010\u103a\u1018\u102f\u101b\u102c\u1038)\u104a \u101b\u103e\u102e\u1017\u102c (SIVA)\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1017\u1005\u103a\u101b\u103e\u1014\u1030\u1038 \u1015\u101c\u1039\u101c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a&nbsp; \u1015\u103b\u1030\u1010\u1030\u1038\u1016\u1031\u102b\u103a\u101b\u102c\u104c \u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a \u1017\u102c\u1019\u1004\u103a (VAMAN)\u1018\u102f\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1019\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u1000\u103a \u101b\u103e\u102d\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1021\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u102d\u101a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036 \u1015\u101c\u102c\u1017\u102c (PALAVA)\u1019\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u1000\u103a\u104f \u101c\u103d\u103e\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1019\u1000\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101b\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(\u1005\u102c\u100a\u103d\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1038 Elizabeth Moore, Myanmar Historical Research Journal (2004))<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1015\u1014\u103a\u1011\u103d\u102c\u101b\u103e\u102d \u1021\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u102d\u101a (DRAVIDIAN) \u1012\u103c\u102c\u1017\u102e\u1012\u102e\u101a\u1014\u103a\u1014\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1010\u101b\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101b\u102c\u1007\u101d\u1004\u103a \u1001\u103b\u1014\u103a\u101a\u102d\u1005\u102d\u1014\u103a\u104c \u1019\u102f\u1010\u1039\u1010\u1019\u1015\u1004\u103a\u101c\u101a\u103a\u1000\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1031 \u1019\u103d\u1014\u103a\u100c\u102c\u1014\u1031\u104c \u1012\u103c\u102c\u1017\u102e\u1012\u102e\u101a\u1014\u103a \u1021\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u102d\u101a\u1014\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1016\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u103b \u1014\u1031\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038 \u1015\u102b\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1017\u102d\u103f\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101d\u1004\u103a\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101c\u103d\u103e\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1015\u1014\u103a\u1011\u103d\u102c\u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a \u1021\u1019\u100a\u103a\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1005\u1031\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1011\u102d\u102f\u1019\u103e\u1010\u1016\u1014\u103a \u101b\u102c\u1019\u100a\u1015\u1030\u101b\u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a \u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u1032\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(\u1005\u102c\u100a\u103d\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1038 D G E HALL \u201cBURMA\u201d)<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft\"><a href=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/d1\/BawbawgyiPaya.jpg\/412px-BawbawgyiPaya.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/d1\/BawbawgyiPaya.jpg\/412px-BawbawgyiPaya.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u1010\u1000\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1012\u103d\u1010\u1039\u1010\u1018\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u104f \u1019\u102d\u1018\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1015\u102b\u101d\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1012\u100f\u1039\u100d\u102c\u101b\u102e\u1015\u102f\u1036\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u104c \u101a\u103e\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a \u1017\u102d\u103f\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1038 \u1018\u102f\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1019\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1006\u1000\u103a\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1021\u1011\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1021\u1011\u102c\u1038 \u1019\u1001\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1036\u101c\u103e\u1015\u1031\u104b \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101e\u1031\u102c\u103a \u101e\u101b\u1031\u1001\u1031\u1010\u1039\u1010\u101b\u102c \u1021\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1019\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1019\u1030 \u1006\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1014\u1031\u104f\u104b \u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101f\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u1030\u1018\u102f\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104f \u1021\u101b\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101b\u102c \u1006\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u104a \u1017\u102f\u1012\u1039\u1013\u1018\u102c\u101e\u102c \u1002\u102d\u102f\u100f\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103d\u1032\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u101c\u103d\u103e\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1012\u100f\u1039\u100d\u102c\u101b\u102e\u1006\u1014\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u101b\u1031\u102c\u1019\u103d\u103e\u1031\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101e\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bawbawgyi Pagoda at Sri Ksetra, prototype of Pagan-era pagodas<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u101e\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1010\u102c \u1019\u1015\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1018\u1030\u1038\u2026..<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Credit\u1038&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/aungmin.khant.5682\">Aungmin<\/a>Khant<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/drkokogyi.wordpress.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/02\/bagan-indians.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/drkokogyi.wordpress.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/02\/bagan-indians.jpg?w=281&amp;h=300\" alt=\"Bagan Indians\" class=\"wp-image-39126\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>From my Wikipedia article: <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Burmese_Indians\">Burmese Indians<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Culture\">Culture<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a class=\"mw-file-description\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Hindu_temple_procession_cart,_Yangon.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/b\/b5\/Hindu_temple_procession_cart%2C_Yangon.jpg\/250px-Hindu_temple_procession_cart%2C_Yangon.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A Hindu temple procession in Yangon<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A Hindu temple procession in Yangon<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Credit: onourownpath.com&nbsp;&#8211;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/bessieandkyle\/5554291173\/in\/photostream\/\">https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/bessieandkyle\/5554291173\/in\/photostream\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Culture_of_India\">India<\/a>&nbsp;has been&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Buddhism_and_Hinduism\">particularly influential<\/a>&nbsp;in&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Burmese_culture\">Burmese culture<\/a>&nbsp;as the cradle of Buddhism, and ancient&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hinduism#Main_traditions\">Hindu traditions<\/a>&nbsp;can still be seen in&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brahmans\">Brahmans<\/a>&nbsp;presiding over important ceremonies such as weddings and ear-piercings but most notably in&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thingyan\">Thingyan<\/a>, the Burmese New Year festival.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Burmese_Indians#cite_note-sy-29\">[29]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;The Burmese poetry tradition of&nbsp;<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tha_Myat\">niti<\/a><\/em>&nbsp;(notably the&nbsp;<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dhamma_theory\">Dhammaniti<\/a><\/em>) also has Indian origins.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Burmese_Indians#cite_note-30\">[30]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;Traditions of kingship including coronation ceremonies and formal royal titles as well as those of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hindu_law\">lawmaking were also Hindu<\/a>&nbsp;in origin.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Burmese_Indians#cite_note-sy-29\">[29]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;Many Burmese dishes and breads came as a result of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indian_cuisine\">Indian influence<\/a>, prominently reflected in the Burmese version of Indian&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Biryani\">biryani<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Burmese Indians came from various groups from different parts of India, including&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tamils\">Tamils<\/a>&nbsp;(majority) and also minority groups such as&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Telugu_people\">Telugus<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bengalis\">Bengalis<\/a>, Hindustani speakers,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gujarati_people\">Gujaratis<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Punjabis\">Punjabis<\/a>. Today they form approximately 2% (about 950,000)<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Burmese_Indians#cite_note-31\">[31]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;of the population, according to the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Central_Intelligence_Agency\">CIA<\/a>&nbsp;<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_World_Factbook\">World Factbook 2006<\/a><\/em>, although exact figures do not exist due to uncertainties over census results and methods in&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Myanmar\">Myanmar<\/a>. Disaffected young Indians often flee the cities and join ethnic resistance movements. The&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=All_Burma_Muslim_Union&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\">All Burma Muslim Union<\/a>&nbsp;whose members consist largely of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Islam_in_Myanmar\">Muslims<\/a>&nbsp;of Indian origin is routinely labelled by the government as &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rohingya_conflict\">Muslim terrorist insurgents<\/a>&#8220;. It operates alongside the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Karen_National_Union\">Karen National Union<\/a>&nbsp;which has a militant wing and, despite a swelling of its ranks following anti-Muslim riots in the eighties, remains a very minor force.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Burmese_Indians#cite_note-Priestly-32\">[32]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Religion\">Religion<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Main articles:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Buddhism_in_Burma\">Buddhism in Burma<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hinduism_in_Southeast_Asia#Burma\">Hinduism in Southeast Asia \u00a7&nbsp;Burma<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Burmese Indians practise&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hinduism\">Hinduism<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Islam\">Islam<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhism\">Sikhism<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Buddhism\">Buddhism<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Christianity\">Christianity<\/a>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hinduism_in_Myanmar\">Burmese-Indian Hindus<\/a>&nbsp;have good and peaceful relationships with the native Burmese.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Predominantly, Burmese Indians are Hindu. The practice of Hinduism among Burmese Indians is also influenced by Buddhism. In addition of Hindu deities, the Buddha is also worshiped and many Hindu temples in Myanmar house statues of the Buddha.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Burmese_Indians#cite_note-33\">[33]<\/a><\/sup><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Burmese_Indians#cite_note-34\">[34]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Burmese Muslims, some of them of mixed blood born of Burmese mothers and some of them with full Burmese blood, (\u1017\u1019\u102c\u1019\u1030\u1005\u101c\u1004\u103a); with small numbers of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Twelver\">Twelvers<\/a>.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Burmese_Indians#cite_note-35\">[35]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;The Burmese call them&nbsp;<em>Zaydabayi<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The constitution grants limited rights to&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Freedom_of_religion\">freedom of religion<\/a>; however, some articles in the constitution, as well as other laws and policies, restrict those rights. In practice the government enforced those restrictions.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Burmese_Indians#cite_note-36\">[36]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;&#8220;Muslims continue to experience the most severe forms of legal, economic, religious, educational, and social restrictions and discrimination&#8221;.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Burmese_Indians#cite_note-37\">[37]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;The military dictatorship rejects or ignores their requests when they want to build mosques in the country or to go abroad for religious ceremonies.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Burmese_Indians#cite_note-Butkaew-21\">[21]<\/a><\/sup><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Burmese_Indians#cite_note-Priestly-32\">[32]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;Although there is limited freedom of religion in Burma, Muslims decided not to hold&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eid_al-Adha\">Eid al-Adha<\/a>&nbsp;in 2012 due to Rakhine-Rohingya strikes in&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rakhine_State\">Rakhine State<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Languages\">Languages<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Burmese Indians are from an array of linguistic groups, mostly are&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tamils\">Tamils<\/a>&nbsp;from&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tamil_Nadu\">Tamil Nadu<\/a>. There is also significant population of the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meitei_people\">Meiteis<\/a>&nbsp;(<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Manipuri_people\">Manipuris<\/a><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Burmese_Indians#cite_note-38\">[38]<\/a><\/sup><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Burmese_Indians#cite_note-Manipuri_language_{{!}}_Britannica-1\">[1]<\/a><\/sup><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Burmese_Indians#cite_note-Meitei-2\">[2]<\/a><\/sup>), coming from Myanmar&#8217;s western neighborhood&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Manipur\">Manipur<\/a>&nbsp;state.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Burmese_Indians#cite_note-39\">[39]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;Other minorities are&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Telugu_people\">Telugus<\/a>&nbsp;from&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Andhra_Pradesh\">Andhra Pradesh<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marwari_people\">Marwaris<\/a>&nbsp;from the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marwar\">Marwar<\/a>&nbsp;region of India&#8217;s&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rajasthan\">Rajasthan<\/a>&nbsp;state as well as&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bengalis\">Bengalis<\/a>&nbsp;hailing from the Indian state of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/West_Bengal\">West Bengal<\/a>&nbsp;as well as the present-day independent nation of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bangladesh\">Bangladesh<\/a>. Prior to the expulsion of Indians, there were also&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malayali\">Malayalis<\/a>&nbsp;from&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kerala\">Kerala<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Odia_people\">Odias<\/a>&nbsp;from&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Odisha\">Odisha<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Punjabis\">Punjabis<\/a>&nbsp;from the state of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Punjab,_India\">Punjab<\/a>&nbsp;who are mostly&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikhs\">Sikhs<\/a>&nbsp;and two groups of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gujarati_people\">Gujaratis<\/a>, both&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gujarati_language\">Gujarati<\/a>-speaking&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Parsi\">Parsis<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gujarati_people\">Gujaratis<\/a>&nbsp;proper who are mostly&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hindus\">Hindus<\/a>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Muslims\">Muslims<\/a>&nbsp;by faith hailing from the state of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gujarat\">Gujarat<\/a>. All can and were able to communicate in&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Burmese_language\">Burmese<\/a>&nbsp;due to years of assimilation and lack of education in languages other than&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/English_language\">English<\/a>.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tamil_language\">Tamil<\/a>&nbsp;is the most spoken Indian language in&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Myanmar\">Myanmar<\/a>. Other minority&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Languages_of_India\">Indian languages<\/a>&nbsp;are quite frequently used.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Indian influence on Myanmar language, culture and dance \u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u101b\u102c\u1007\u101d\u1004\u103a\u101c\u102c \u101e\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u102d\u101a\u101c\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 (\u1041) \u1021\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u102d\u101a\u101c\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038 \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101f\u102c \u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038(\u1042\u1040\u1040\u1040)\u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1000\u1015\u1004\u103a \u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1037\u1019\u103c\u1031\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a \u1005\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u103b \u1001\u1032\u1037\u1000\u103c\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u104f \u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u101b\u1031\u1038\u104a \u1018\u102c\u101e\u102c\u101b\u1031\u1038\u104a \u101c\u1030\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101b\u1031\u1038\u104a \u101a\u1009\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1031\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1013\u101c\u1031\u1037\u1011\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1005\u1036\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a \u101c\u103d\u103e\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b (\u1005\u102c\u100a\u103d\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1038 (\u1041) \u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1010\u101b\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1021\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u102d\u101a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038 \u1021\u101d\u1031\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1031\u1038 \u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1019\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u201c\u1015\u102f\u1002\u1036\u101a\u1009\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1031\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp; \u1005\u102c\u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102c (\u1044\u1042)\u104a \u1015\u102b\u1019\u1031\u102c\u1000\u1039\u1001\u1026\u1038\u101e\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1011\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1038 M.A.B.L, D. LIT, Ph.D\u1005\u102c\u100a\u103d\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1038 (\u1042) \u101b\u103e\u1031\u1038\u101f\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103b\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u2013 \u1005\u102c\u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102c (\u1043 \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1044)\u104a \u1015\u102b\u1019\u1031\u102c\u1000\u1039\u1001\u1026\u1038\u101e\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1011\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1038) \u1000\u1019\u1039\u1018\u102c\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u104c \u1010\u101b\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1015\u103c\u100a\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u102d\u101a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101b\u103e\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1000\u103b\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101c\u1030\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u1016\u103d\u1032\u1037\u1021\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2107,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,16,21,62],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2106","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-history","category-opinion","category-song","category-thidagu-sitagu-sayadaw-wirathu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2106","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2106"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2106\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2112,"href":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2106\/revisions\/2112"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2107"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2106"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2106"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/myanmarmuslim.news\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2106"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}